{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T00:50:10Z","timestamp":1787014210494,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,17]],"date-time":"2024-12-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1734393600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["23K09505"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23K09505"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["febs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The FEBS Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Porphyromonas gingivalis<\/jats:italic>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic>Pg<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) is a keystone bacterium associated with systemic diseases, such as diabetes mellitus and Alzheimer's disease. Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) released from\n                    <jats:italic>Pg<\/jats:italic>\n                    have been implicated in systemic diseases by delivering\n                    <jats:italic>Pg<\/jats:italic>\n                    virulence factors to host cells in distant organs and inducing cellular dysfunction.\n                    <jats:italic>Pg<\/jats:italic>\n                    OMVs also have the potential to enter distant organs via the bloodstream. However, the effects of\n                    <jats:italic>Pg<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0OMVs on the vascular function are poorly understood. Here, we showed that\n                    <jats:italic>Pg<\/jats:italic>\n                    OMVs increase vascular permeability by promoting stress\u00a0fiber formation and lysosome\/endosome\u2010mediated vascular endothelial\u2010cadherin (VEc) degradation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (HPMECs). F\u2010actin, visualized via fluorescein isothiocyanate\u2010phalloidin, became thicker and longer, leading to the formation of radical stress fibers in response to\n                    <jats:italic>Pg<\/jats:italic>\n                    OMVs in HUVECs and HPMECs. Western blotting and quantitative real\u2010time polymerase chain reaction analyses revealed that\n                    <jats:italic>Pg<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0OMVs decreased VEc protein levels in a gene\u2010independent manner.\n                    <jats:italic>Pg<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0OMVs enhanced vesicular VEc accumulation in the cytoplasm around lysosome\u2010associated membrane protein 1\u2010positive structures during pretreatment with the lysosomal inhibitor chloroquine. This suggests that\n                    <jats:italic>Pg<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0OMVs decrease VEc protein levels by accelerating their internalization and degradation via lysosomes and endosomes. A27632 inhibition of Rho kinases impaired the\n                    <jats:italic>Pg<\/jats:italic>\n                    OMV\u2010induced stress fiber formation and VEc degradation, resulting in the recovery of hyperpermeability. These findings provide new insights into the pathogenesis of systemic diseases that are associated with periodontal diseases.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/febs.17349","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,17]],"date-time":"2024-12-17T22:19:56Z","timestamp":1734473996000},"page":"1696-1709","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["<i>Porphyromonas gingivalis<\/i>\n                    outer membrane vesicles increase vascular permeability by inducing stress fiber formation and degrading vascular endothelial\u2010cadherin in endothelial cells"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"292","author":[{"given":"Mana","family":"Mekata","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Healthcare Promotion, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Tokushima University  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