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While decidual markers such as insulin\u2010like growth factor\u2010binding protein 1 and prolactin are well studied, the specific signaling mechanisms underlying morphological changes during decidualization remain unclear. In this study, we identified the phosphatidic acid (PA)\u2010Src\u2010focal adhesion kinase (FAK)\u2010RhoA\/Rho\u2010associated protein kinase (ROCK) signaling pathway as a critical regulator of cytoskeletal rearrangement during PA\u2010induced decidualization in human endometrial stromal cells. PA, a product of phospholipase D1, activates FAK, initiating a cascade of events involving Src\u2010family kinases and RhoA signaling, ultimately leading to the cytoskeletal changes necessary for decidualization. Our\n                    <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    experiments showed that PA\u2010induced decidualization involved the formation of stress fibers mediated by ROCK activation. The traditional decidual markers, insulin\u2010like growth factor\u2010binding protein 1 and prolactin, did not significantly influence these morphological changes, suggesting that the PA\u2010induced pathway operates independently of these markers.\n                    <jats:italic>In vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    studies in ovariectomized mice demonstrated that PA injection into the uterine horn increased the uterine cavity weight and wall thickness, reinforcing the role of PA in promoting decidualization. These findings highlight the importance of the PA\u2010Src\u2010FAK\u2010RhoA\u2010ROCK pathway in regulating cytoskeletal dynamics during decidualization and suggest potential therapeutic targets for addressing implantation\u2010associated infertility.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/febs.17412","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,11]],"date-time":"2025-02-11T03:31:50Z","timestamp":1739244710000},"page":"4540-4554","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Phosphatidic acid induces cytoskeletal rearrangements through the Src\u2010\n                    <scp>FAK<\/scp>\n                    \u2010\n                    <scp>R<\/scp>\n                    ho\n                    <scp>A<\/scp>\n                    \/\n                    <scp>ROCK<\/scp>\n                    signaling pathway during decidualization"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"292","author":[{"given":"Hyeon\u2010Jeong","family":"Jun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering Hanyang University  Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"So Young","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"R&amp;D Center, EONE\u2010DIAGNOMICS Genome Center Co. 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