{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,26]],"date-time":"2026-05-26T14:10:41Z","timestamp":1779804641592,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":78,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,26]],"date-time":"2026-05-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779753600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,26]],"date-time":"2026-05-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779753600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003323","name":"Agence Nationale de Recherches sur le Sida et les H\u00e9patites Virales","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ANRS\u201023\u2010PEPR\u2010MIE 0002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANRS\u201023\u2010PEPR\u2010MIE 0002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003323","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004794","name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004794","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001665","name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ANR\u201021\u2010CE15\u20100047"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANR\u201021\u2010CE15\u20100047"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001665","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001665","name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ANR\u201022\u2010CE35\u20100005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANR\u201022\u2010CE35\u20100005"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001665","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000781","name":"European Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["101118880"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101118880"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000781","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["febs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The FEBS Journal"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Yersinia pestis<\/jats:italic>\n                    , the causative agent of plague, has evolved a dual lifestyle enabling survival in both mammalian hosts and hematophagous flea vectors. While mammalian virulence has been extensively studied, the flea stage represents a highly selective and metabolically constraining environment that plays a decisive role in transmission. Following ingestion during a blood meal,\n                    <jats:italic>Y. pestis<\/jats:italic>\n                    establishes within the flea digestive tract, where it must withstand nutrient limitation, oxidative stress, osmotic pressure, and antimicrobial factors while forming a proventricular biofilm essential for gut blockage and subsequent transmission. This review synthesizes current knowledge of the metabolic strategies deployed by\n                    <jats:italic>Y. pestis<\/jats:italic>\n                    during flea colonization, highlighting a coordinated shift toward amino acid and lipid\u2010derived carbon sources, strict dependence on the pentose phosphate pathway, and a central role for lipoate metabolism. We discuss how these metabolic adaptations are tightly integrated with regulatory networks involving c\u2010di\u2010GMP signaling, two\u2010component systems, and global regulators such as RovM and Hfq, ensuring that biofilm formation occurs only when energetic conditions permit. Finally, we address unresolved questions regarding metabolic flux dynamics, interactions with the flea microbiota, and lineage\u2010specific variation, emphasizing the need for future systems\u2010level analyses. Together, this review positions flea colonization as an active and\u00a0evolutionarily refined phase that shapes the transmission success of\n                    <jats:italic>Y.\u00a0pestis<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/febs.70602","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,26]],"date-time":"2026-05-26T13:21:41Z","timestamp":1779801701000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Metabolic adaptation of\n                    <i>Yersinia pestis<\/i>\n                    during flea colonization"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1834-5416","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S\u00e9bastien","family":"Bontemps\u2010Gallo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 \u2013 UMR 9017 \u2013 CIIL \u2013 Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille  France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-9192-216X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Am\u00e9lie","family":"Dewitte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 \u2013 UMR 9017 \u2013 CIIL \u2013 Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille  France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-0313-1510","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maurane","family":"D\u00e9gardin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 \u2013 UMR 9017 \u2013 CIIL \u2013 Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille  France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3811-9691","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Florent","family":"Sebbane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 \u2013 UMR 9017 \u2013 CIIL \u2013 Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille  France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2023.0622","article-title":"Ancient Yersinia pestis genomes lack the virulence\u2010associated; prophage present in modern pandemic strains","volume":"290","author":"Bonczarowska JH","year":"2023","journal-title":"Proc Royal Soc B: Biol Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1038\/35097083","article-title":"Genome sequence of Yersinia pestis, the causative agent of plague","volume":"413","author":"Parkhill J","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2015.10.009","article-title":"Early divergent strains of Yersinia pestis in Eurasia 5,000\u2009years ago","volume":"163","author":"Rasmussen S","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2204044119","article-title":"Emergence and spread of ancestral Yersinia pestis in late\u2010Neolithic and bronze\u2010age Eurasia, ca. 5,000 to 2,500 y B.P","volume":"119","author":"Slavin P","year":"2022","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2116722119","article-title":"Stone age Yersinia pestis genomes shed light on the early evolution, diversity, and ecology of plague","volume":"119","author":"Valtue\u00f1a AA","year":"2022","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","first-page":"423","article-title":"LXVII. 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