{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T08:52:27Z","timestamp":1778748747769,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,3]],"date-time":"2014-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1391385600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Genes Brain and Behavior"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Dyslexia is characterized by impaired reading and spelling. The disorder has a prevalence of about 5% in Germany, and a strong hereditary component. Several loci are thought to be involved in the development of dyslexia. Scerri <jats:italic>et al.<\/jats:italic> identified eight potential dyslexia\u2010associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SNPs<\/jats:styled-content>) in seven genes on chromosome 18 in an English\u2010speaking population. Here, we present an association analysis that explores the relevance of these <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SNPs<\/jats:styled-content> in a German population comprising 388 dyslexia cases and 364 control cases. In case\u2013control analysis, three nominal <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SNP<\/jats:styled-content> associations were replicated. The major alleles of <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NEDD4L<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic>\u2010rs12606138 and <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NEDD4L<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic>\u2010rs8094327 were risk associated [odds ratio (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>)\u2009=\u20091.35, 95% confidence interval (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>)\u2009=\u20091.0\u20131.7, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2010value\u2009=\u20090.017 and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>\u2009=\u20091.39, 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>\u2009=\u20091.1\u20131.7, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2010value\u2009=\u20090.007, respectively], and both <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SNPs<\/jats:styled-content> were in strong linkage disequilibrium (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u2009=\u20090.95). For <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MYO5B<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic>\u2010rs555879, the minor allele was risk associated (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>\u2009=\u20091.31, 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>\u2009=\u20091.1\u20131.6, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2010value\u2009=\u20090.011). The combined analysis of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SNP<\/jats:styled-content> sets using set enrichment analysis revealed a study\u2010wide significant association for three <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SNPs<\/jats:styled-content> with susceptibility for dyslexia. In summary, our results substantiate genetic markers in <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NEDD4L<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MYO5B<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic> as risk factors for dyslexia and provide first evidence that the relevance of these markers is not restricted to the English language<\/jats:bold>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/gbb.12118","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,27]],"date-time":"2013-12-27T12:16:41Z","timestamp":1388146601000},"page":"350-356","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Genetic risk variants for dyslexia on chromosome 18 in a German cohort"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"B.","family":"Mueller","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Ahnert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Burkhardt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Brauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuropsychology Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences Leipzig Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"I.","family":"Czepezauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Quente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Boltze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stroke and Neurovascular Regulation Laboratory Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Wilcke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Kirsten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2125.2000.00159.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bth457"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/acprof:oso\/9780199677139.003.0012"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.137323.112"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","volume-title":"The d2 Test of Attention","author":"Brickenkamp R.","year":"2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.b.30018"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.b.30999"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng792"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1002431"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000066696"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2004.00358.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.C000906200"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.204001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.b.30245"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng1474"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jmg.40.5.340"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00109-006-0129-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jmg.2003.012294"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/512133"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","unstructured":"Linder M. &Grissemann H. 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