{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T14:19:27Z","timestamp":1773411567637,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,31]],"date-time":"2014-05-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1401494400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Intramural Research Program of the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH","award":["R01 DA 10336-02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 DA 10336-02"]}]},{"name":"National Institute of Drug Abuse, NIH"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004319","name":"Pfizer","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004319","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013327","name":"Lundbeck","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013327","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Genes Brain and Behavior"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Aggressive disorders are moderately heritable; therefore, identification of genetic influences is important. The X\u2010linked <jats:italic>MAOA<\/jats:italic> gene, encoding the MAOA enzyme, has a functional 30\u2009bp repeat polymorphism in the promoter region (<jats:italic>MAOA<\/jats:italic>\u2010LPR) that has been shown to influence aggression. Childhood trauma is a known risk factor for numerous psychopathologies in adulthood including aggressive behaviors. We investigated the interactive effect of <jats:italic>MAOA<\/jats:italic>\u2010LPR genotype and a history of childhood trauma in predicting aggressive behaviors in a prisoner population. A total of 692 male prisoners were genotyped for <jats:italic>MAOA<\/jats:italic>\u2010LPR with genotypes grouped into high and low transcriptional activity. Participant evaluations included measures of aggression (Brown\u2010Goodwin Lifetime History of Aggression, BGHA), hostility (Buss\u2013Durkee Hostility Inventory), impulsivity (Barratt Impulsiveness Scale), violence directed toward self and others, and childhood trauma [Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ)]. <jats:italic>MAOA<\/jats:italic>\u2010LPR interacted with CTQ physical neglect (PN), the most common (47%) form of childhood trauma in this sample, to predict BGHA aggression (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.002). Within the group not exposed to PN, carriers of the <jats:italic>MAOA<\/jats:italic>\u2010LPR high\u2010activity variant were more aggressive: (<jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>R<\/jats:sub> \u2009=\u20092.47, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.014). We observed a crossover effect in that the increase in aggression scores with PN was greater in low\u2010activity individuals (<jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>R<\/jats:sub>\u2009=\u20095.55, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001) than in high\u2010activity individuals (<jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>R<\/jats:sub>\u2009=\u20094.18, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001). These findings suggest that childhood trauma and the functional <jats:italic>MAOA<\/jats:italic>\u2010LPR polymorphism may interact to specifically increase risk for over aggressive behavior but not impulsivity or hostility. The <jats:italic>MAOA<\/jats:italic>\u2010LPR low\u2010activity variant may be protective against the development of aggressive behavior under low stress conditions, at least in this prisoner population.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/gbb.12140","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,7]],"date-time":"2014-05-07T18:05:11Z","timestamp":1399485911000},"page":"543-549","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["The interactive effect of <i><scp>MAOA<\/scp><\/i>\u2010<scp>LPR<\/scp> genotype and childhood physical neglect on aggressive behaviors in Italian male prisoners"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"E.","family":"Gorodetsky","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Neurogenetics National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH  Rockville MD USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Bevilacqua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Neurogenetics National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH  Rockville MD USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry New York University School of Medicine  New York NY USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"V.","family":"Carli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences University of Molise  Campobasso Italy"},{"name":"National Prevention of Suicide and Mental Ill\u2010Health (NASP) Karolinska Institutet  Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Sarchiapone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences University of Molise  Campobasso Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Roy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterans Affairs Medical Center Psychiatry Service  East Orange NJ USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Goldman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Neurogenetics National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH  Rockville MD USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.\u2010A.","family":"Enoch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Neurogenetics National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH  Rockville MD 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