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Although genetics are theorized to contribute substantially to inter\u2010individual variability in the development, severity and treatment outcomes of opioid abuse\/addiction, little direct preclinical study has focused on the behavioral genetics of prescription opioid reinforcement and drug\u2010taking. Herein, we employed different 129 substrains of mice currently available from The Jackson Laboratory (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">129S1<\/jats:styled-content>\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SvlmJ<\/jats:styled-content>,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">129X1<\/jats:styled-content>\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SvJ<\/jats:styled-content>,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">129S4<\/jats:styled-content>\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SvJaeJ<\/jats:styled-content>and<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">129P3<\/jats:styled-content>\/J) as a model system of genetic variation and assayed mice for oral opioid intake and reinforcement, as well as behavioral and somatic signs of dependence. All substrains exhibited a dose\u2010dependent increase in oral oxycodone and heroin preference and intake under limited\u2010access procedures and all, but<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">129S1<\/jats:styled-content>\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SvlmJ<\/jats:styled-content>mice, exhibited oxycodone reinforcement. Relative to the other substrains,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">129P3<\/jats:styled-content>\/J mice exhibited higher heroin and oxycodone intake. While<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">129X1<\/jats:styled-content>\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SvJ<\/jats:styled-content>exhibited the highest anxiety\u2010like behavior during natural opioid withdrawal, somatic and behavior signs of precipitated withdrawal were most robust in<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">129P3<\/jats:styled-content>\/J mice. These results demonstrate the feasibility and relative sensitivity of our oral opioid self\u2010administration procedures for detecting substrain differences in drug reinforcement\/intake among 129 mice, of relevance to the identification of genetic variants contributing to high vs. low oxycodone reinforcement and intake.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/gbb.12393","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,19]],"date-time":"2017-05-19T06:06:40Z","timestamp":1495174000000},"page":"709-724","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Variability in prescription opioid intake and reinforcement amongst 129 substrains"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"S. M.","family":"Jimenez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences Cellular and Developmental Biology and the Neuroscience Research Institute Santa Barbara CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. 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