{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T06:12:26Z","timestamp":1787638346870,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,25]],"date-time":"2020-08-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598313600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000065","name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NS007431"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NS007431"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000065","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000027","name":"National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AA026537"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AA026537"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000027","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000027","name":"National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AA007573"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AA007573"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000027","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Genes Brain and Behavior"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Persistent changes in brain stress and glutamatergic function are associated with post\u2010traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Rodent exposure to the predator odor trimethylthiazoline (TMT) is an innate stressor that produces lasting behavioral consequences relevant to PTSD. As such, the goal of the present study was to assess early (6 hours and 2\u2009days\u2014Experiment 1) and late (4\u2009weeks\u2014Experiment 2) changes to gene expression (RT\u2010PCR) related to stress and excitatory function following TMT exposure in male, Long\u2010Evans rats. During TMT exposure, rats engaged in stress reactive behaviors, including digging and immobility. Further, the TMT group displayed enhanced exploration and mobility in the TMT\u2010paired context 1\u2009week after exposure, suggesting a lasting contextual reactivity. Gene expression analyses revealed upregulated\n                    <jats:italic>FKBP5<\/jats:italic>\n                    6 hours post\u2010TMT in the hypothalamus and dorsal hippocampus. Two days after TMT,\n                    <jats:italic>GRM3<\/jats:italic>\n                    was downregulated in the prelimbic cortex and dorsal hippocampus, but upregulated in the nucleus accumbens. This may reflect an early stress response (\n                    <jats:italic>FKBP5<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) that resulted in later glutamatergic adaptation (\n                    <jats:italic>GRM3<\/jats:italic>\n                    ). Finally, another experiment 4\u2009weeks after TMT exposure showed several differentially expressed genes known to mediate excitatory tripartite synaptic function in the prelimbic cortex (\n                    <jats:italic>GRM5<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>DLG4<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>SLC1A3<\/jats:italic>\n                    upregulated), infralimbic cortex (\n                    <jats:italic>GRM2<\/jats:italic>\n                    downregulated,\n                    <jats:italic>Homer1<\/jats:italic>\n                    upregulated), nucleus accumbens (\n                    <jats:italic>GRM7<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>SLC1A3<\/jats:italic>\n                    downregulated), dorsal hippocampus (\n                    <jats:italic>FKBP5<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>NR3C2<\/jats:italic>\n                    upregulated,\n                    <jats:italic>SHANK3<\/jats:italic>\n                    downregulated) and ventral hippocampus (\n                    <jats:italic>CNR1<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>GRM7<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>GRM5<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>SHANK3<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Homer1<\/jats:italic>\n                    downregulated). These data show that TMT exposure induces stress and excitatory molecular adaptations, which could help us understand the persistent glutamatergic dysfunction observed in PTSD.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/gbb.12684","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,15]],"date-time":"2020-07-15T01:30:37Z","timestamp":1594776637000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Exposure to the predator odor\n                    <scp>TMT<\/scp>\n                    induces early and late differential gene expression related to stress and excitatory synaptic function throughout the brain in male rats"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4495-037X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ryan E.","family":"Tyler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Curriculum, School of Medicine University of North Carolina \u2013 Chapel Hill  Chapel Hill North Carolina USA"},{"name":"Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, School of Medicine University of North Carolina  Chapel Hill North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin Z. 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