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While it has been shown that CRF and the cannabinoid type 1 (CB1) receptor are co\u2010localized in several brain regions, the physiological relevance of this co\u2010expression remains unclear. Using double <jats:italic>in situ<\/jats:italic> hybridization, we confirmed co\u2010localization in the piriform cortex, the lateral hypothalamic area, the paraventricular nucleus, and the Barrington's nucleus, albeit at low levels. To study the behavioral and physiological implications of this co\u2010expression, we generated a conditional knockout mouse line that selectively lacks the expression of CB1 receptors in CRF neurons. We found no effects on fear and anxiety\u2010related behaviors under basal conditions nor after a traumatic experience. Additionally, plasma corticosterone levels were unaffected at baseline and after restraint stress. Only acoustic startle responses were significantly enhanced in male, but not female, knockout mice. Taken together, the consequences of depleting CB1 in CRF\u2010positive neurons caused a confined hyperarousal phenotype in a sex\u2010dependent manner. The current results suggest that the important interplay between the central endocannabinoid and CRF systems in regulating the organism's stress response is predominantly taking place at the level of CRF receptor\u2010expressing neurons.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/gbb.12775","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,21]],"date-time":"2021-10-21T14:50:30Z","timestamp":1634827830000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["CB1 receptors in corticotropin\u2010releasing factor neurons selectively control the acoustic startle response in male mice"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0751-080X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julia","family":"Ruat","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry  Munich Germany"},{"name":"International Max Planck Research School 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