{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T11:48:35Z","timestamp":1782388115699,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781740800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":17,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Genes Brain and Behavior"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Major depression, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia are common mental illnesses, and their potential association with arrhythmias has long been a focus of clinical and research interest. To explore the possible causal relationship between these mental disorders and arrhythmias, we conducted a bidirectional two\u2010sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis using publicly available GWAS summary statistics. The primary analysis employed the inverse\u2010variance weighted (IVW) method, with sensitivity analyses including MR\u2010Egger regression and the weighted median estimator to assess robustness and address potential pleiotropy. Results indicated that genetic predisposition to major depression was associated with increased risks of atrial fibrillation\/flutter (IVW: OR\u2009=\u20091.214, 95% CI: 1.092\u20131.349,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), paroxysmal tachycardia (IVW: OR\u2009=\u20091.493, 95% CI: 1.261\u20131.769,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), and atrioventricular block (IVW: OR\u2009=\u20091.257, 95% CI: 1.147\u20131.377,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Reverse MR also suggested a modest effect of atrioventricular block on depression risk (IVW: OR\u2009=\u20091.045, 95% CI: 1.011\u20131.079,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.008). In conclusion, from the perspective of genetic liability and using the MR framework, our analysis supports a causal role of major depression in increasing the risk of several arrhythmias and suggests potential bidirectional causal effects between depression and atrioventricular block.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/gbb.70058","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T11:31:16Z","timestamp":1781782276000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Exploring the Association Between Mental Disorders and Various Arrhythmias via Mendelian Randomization Methods"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Jingyang","family":"Su","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Internal Medicine Tongde Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province)  Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jialin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Xinhua Hospital of Zhejiang Province)  Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yueyue","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geriatrics Tongde Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province)  Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-3590-3662","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yongjun","family":"Ying","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Internal Medicine Tongde Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province)  Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(21)00395-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1570159X14666160606210811"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10673220500174833"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aap8757"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)61611-6"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","first-page":"e257","article-title":"ACC\/AHA\/ESC 2006 Guidelines for the Management of Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: A Report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and the European Society of Cardiology Committee for Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Revise the 2001 Guidelines for the Management of Patients With Atrial Fibrillation): Developed in Collaboration With the European Heart Rhythm Association and the Heart Rhythm Society","volume":"114","author":"Fuster V.","year":"2006","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2011.09.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198204293061703"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.28.6.1101"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/NRL.0b013e31815cffae"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5498\/wjp.v14.i1.179"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","first-page":"354","article-title":"Electrocardiogram Characteristics and Their Association With Psychotropic Drugs Among Patients With Schizophrenia","volume":"46","author":"Polcwiartek C.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Schizophrenia Bulletin"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2022.05.048"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2022.12.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyg070"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.02.069"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2024.01.061"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12920-023-01565-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2021.18236"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-018-0326-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-022-04434-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-021-00857-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyr036"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyq151"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyv080"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.165.13.1486"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2013.03.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00450.2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000124726.72615.60"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1540-8167.2005.40580.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/eur246"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awh324"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.31083\/j.rcm2509343"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4161\/chan.2.3.6189"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00186.2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M409977200"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2006.01.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000018443.44005.D8"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(98)00305-2"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_2_12_41_1","article-title":"Heart\u2010Brain Axis: A Narrative Review of the Interaction Between Depression and Arrhythmia","volume":"12","author":"Fang S.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biomedicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11886-023-01990-8"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_12_43_1","article-title":"Exploring the Heart\u2010Mind Connection: Unraveling the Shared Pathways Between Depression and Cardiovascular Diseases","volume":"11","author":"Sobolewska\u2010Nowak J.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomedicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/hcad144"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.31887\/DCNS.2006.8.4\/bmcewen"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2014.00080"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-5215.2011.00647.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1503\/jpn.140217"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2023.14685"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehac262"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000447034"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2009.12.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.102673"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.190769"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2022.0609"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.07.052"}],"container-title":["Genes, Brain and Behavior"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/gbb.70058","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/gbb.70058","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/gbb.70058","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T11:11:41Z","timestamp":1782385901000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/gbb.70058"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/gbb.70058"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/gbb.70058","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1601-1848","1601-183X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1601-1848","type":"print"},{"value":"1601-183X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-02-07","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-06-04","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-06-18","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70058"}}