{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T21:54:51Z","timestamp":1790632491578,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":107,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,19]],"date-time":"2017-10-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1508371200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Geobiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    In modern microbial mats, hydrogen sulfide shows pronounced sulfur isotope (\u03b4\n                    <jats:sup>34<\/jats:sup>\n                    S) variability over small spatial scales (~50\u2030 over &lt;4\u00a0mm), providing information about microbial sulfur cycling within different ecological niches in the mat. In the geological record, the location of pyrite formation, overprinting from mat accretion, and post\u2010depositional alteration also affect both fine\u2010scale \u03b4\n                    <jats:sup>34<\/jats:sup>\n                    S patterns and bulk \u03b4\n                    <jats:sup>34<\/jats:sup>\n                    S\n                    <jats:sub>pyrite<\/jats:sub>\n                    values. We report \u03bcm\u2010scale \u03b4\n                    <jats:sup>34<\/jats:sup>\n                    S patterns in Proterozoic samples with well\u2010preserved microbial mat textures. We show a well\u2010defined relationship between \u03b4\n                    <jats:sup>34<\/jats:sup>\n                    S values and sulfide mineral grain size and type. Small pyrite grains (&lt;25\u00a0\u03bcm) span a large range, tending toward high \u03b4\n                    <jats:sup>34<\/jats:sup>\n                    S values (\u221254.5\u2030 to 11.7\u2030, mean: \u221214.4\u2030). Larger pyrite grains (&gt;25\u00a0\u03bcm) have low but equally variable \u03b4\n                    <jats:sup>34<\/jats:sup>\n                    S values (\u221261.0\u2030 to \u221210.5\u2030, mean: \u221244.4\u2030). In one sample, larger sphalerite grains (&gt;35\u00a0\u03bcm) have intermediate and essentially invariant \u03b4\n                    <jats:sup>34<\/jats:sup>\n                    S values (\u221222.6\u2030 to \u221215.6\u2030, mean: \u221219.4\u2030). We suggest that different sulfide mineral populations reflect separate stages of formation. In the first stage, small pyrite grains form near the mat surface along a redox boundary where high rates of sulfate reduction, partial closed\u2010system sulfate consumption in microenvironments, and\/or sulfide oxidation lead to high \u03b4\n                    <jats:sup>34<\/jats:sup>\n                    S values. In another stage, large sphalerite grains with low \u03b4\n                    <jats:sup>34<\/jats:sup>\n                    S values grow along the edges of pore spaces formed from desiccation of the mat. Large pyrite grains form deeper in the mat at slower sulfate reduction rates, leading to low \u03b4\n                    <jats:sup>34<\/jats:sup>\n                    S\n                    <jats:sub>sulfide<\/jats:sub>\n                    values. We do not see evidence for significant\n                    <jats:sup>34<\/jats:sup>\n                    S\u2010enrichment in bulk pore water sulfide at depth in the mat due to closed\u2010system Rayleigh fractionation effects. On a local scale, Rayleigh fractionation influences the range of \u03b4\n                    <jats:sup>34<\/jats:sup>\n                    S values measured for individual pyrite grains. Fine\u2010scale analyses of \u03b4\n                    <jats:sup>34<\/jats:sup>\n                    S\n                    <jats:sub>pyrite<\/jats:sub>\n                    patterns can thus be used to extract environmental information from ancient microbial mats and aid in the interpretation of bulk \u03b4\n                    <jats:sup>34<\/jats:sup>\n                    S\n                    <jats:sub>pyrite<\/jats:sub>\n                    records.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/gbi.12265","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,19]],"date-time":"2017-10-19T02:12:40Z","timestamp":1508379160000},"page":"17-34","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Environmental insights from high\u2010resolution (SIMS) sulfur isotope analyses of sulfides in Proterozoic microbialites with diverse mat textures"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"M. L.","family":"Gomes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Washington University  Saint Louis MO USA"},{"name":"Harvard University  Cambridge MA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D. A.","family":"Fike","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Washington University  Saint Louis MO USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K. D.","family":"Bergmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Massachusettes Institute of Technology  Cambridge MA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Washington University  Saint Louis MO USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. 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