{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,13]],"date-time":"2026-06-13T08:10:59Z","timestamp":1781338259555,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":142,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,29]],"date-time":"2013-05-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1369785600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Global Change Biology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Feeding 9\u201310\u00a0billion people by 2050 and preventing dangerous climate change are two of the greatest challenges facing humanity. Both challenges must be met while reducing the impact of land management on ecosystem services that deliver vital goods and services, and support human health and well\u2010being. Few studies to date have considered the interactions between these challenges. In this study we briefly outline the challenges, review the supply\u2010 and demand\u2010side climate mitigation potential available in the Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use AFOLU sector and options for delivering food security. We briefly outline some of the synergies and trade\u2010offs afforded by mitigation practices, before presenting an assessment of the mitigation potential possible in the<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AFOLU<\/jats:styled-content>sector under possible future scenarios in which demand\u2010side measures codeliver to aid food security. We conclude that while supply\u2010side mitigation measures, such as changes in land management, might either enhance or negatively impact food security, demand\u2010side mitigation measures, such as reduced waste or demand for livestock products, should benefit both food security and greenhouse gas (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GHG<\/jats:styled-content>) mitigation. Demand\u2010side measures offer a greater potential (1.5\u201315.6\u00a0Gt<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:roman>CO<\/jats:roman><\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\u2010eq. yr<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>) in meeting both challenges than do supply\u2010side measures (1.5\u20134.3\u00a0Gt<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:roman>CO<\/jats:roman><\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\u2010eq. yr<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>at carbon prices between 20 and 100\u00a0US$ t<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:roman>CO<\/jats:roman><\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\u2010eq. yr<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>), but given the enormity of challenges, all options need to be considered. Supply\u2010side measures should be implemented immediately, focussing on those that allow the production of more agricultural product per unit of input. For demand\u2010side measures, given the difficulties in their implementation and lag in their effectiveness, policy should be introduced quickly, and should aim to codeliver to other policy agenda, such as improving environmental quality or improving dietary health. These problems facing humanity in the 21st Century are extremely challenging, and policy that addresses multiple objectives is required now more than ever.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/gcb.12160","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,6]],"date-time":"2013-02-06T16:47:30Z","timestamp":1360169250000},"page":"2285-2302","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":524,"title":["How much land\u2010based greenhouse gas mitigation can be achieved without compromising food security and environmental goals?"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Pete","family":"Smith","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences &amp; ClimateXChange University of Aberdeen 23 St Machar Drive, Aberdeen Scotland AB24 3UU UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helmut","family":"Haberl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Social Ecology Vienna (SEC) Alpen\u2010Adria Universitaet (AAU) Schottenfeldgasse 29 Vienna 1070 Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Popp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research Research Domain III: Sustainable Solutions Telegraphenberg A 62 Potsdam D\u201014473 Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karl\u2010heinz","family":"Erb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Social Ecology Vienna (SEC) Alpen\u2010Adria Universitaet (AAU) Schottenfeldgasse 29 Vienna 1070 Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Lauk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Social Ecology Vienna (SEC) Alpen\u2010Adria Universitaet (AAU) Schottenfeldgasse 29 Vienna 1070 Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Harper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Environmental Science Murdoch University South Street Murdoch WA 6150 Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco N.","family":"Tubiello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mitigation of Climate Change in Agriculture Programme Natural Resources Management and Environment Department FAO Via Terme di Caracalla Rome 00153 Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandre","family":"de Siqueira Pinto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Ecologia Universidade de Bras\u00edlia I.B. C.P. 04457, Campus Universit\u00e1rio Darcy Ribeiro \u2013 UnB. D.F.. CEP Bras\u00edlia 70919\u2010970 Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mostafa","family":"Jafari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands National Botanical Garden of Iran P.O. Box 13185\u2010116 Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saran","family":"Sohi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UK Biochar Research Centre University of Edinburgh Crew Building, The King's Buildings, West Mains Road Edinburgh EH9 3JN UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Omar","family":"Masera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas UNAM AP 27\u20103 Xangari, Morelia Michoac\u00e1n 58089 M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hannes","family":"B\u00f6ttcher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis Ecosystem Services and Management Program Schlossplatz 1 Laxenburg A\u20102361 Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G\u00f6ran","family":"Berndes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Energy and Environment Physical Resource Theory Chalmers University of Technology G\u00f6teborg SE\u2010412 96 Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mercedes","family":"Bustamante","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Ecologia Universidade de Bras\u00edlia I.B. 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