{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T16:02:39Z","timestamp":1792512159106,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,25]],"date-time":"2013-03-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1364169600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Global Change Biology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,6]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>Atmospheric concentrations of methane (CH4<\/jats:sub><\/jats:roman><\/jats:styled-content>) and nitrous oxide (N2<\/jats:sub>O<\/jats:roman><\/jats:styled-content>) have increased over the last 150\u00a0years because of human activity. Soils are important sources and sinks of both potent greenhouse gases where their production and consumption are largely regulated by biological processes. Climate change could alter these processes thereby affecting both rate and direction of their exchange with the atmosphere. We examined how a rise in atmospheric CO2<\/jats:sub><\/jats:roman><\/jats:styled-content> and temperature affected CH4<\/jats:sub><\/jats:roman><\/jats:styled-content> and N2<\/jats:sub>O<\/jats:roman><\/jats:styled-content> fluxes in a well\u2010drained upland soil (volumetric water content ranging between 6% and 23%) in a semiarid grassland during five growing seasons. We hypothesized that responses of CH4<\/jats:sub><\/jats:roman><\/jats:styled-content> and N2<\/jats:sub>O<\/jats:roman><\/jats:styled-content> fluxes to elevated CO2<\/jats:sub><\/jats:roman><\/jats:styled-content> and warming would be driven primarily by treatment effects on soil moisture. Previously we showed that elevated CO2<\/jats:sub><\/jats:roman><\/jats:styled-content> increased and warming decreased soil moisture in this grassland. We therefore expected that elevated CO2<\/jats:sub><\/jats:roman><\/jats:styled-content> and warming would have opposing effects on CH4<\/jats:sub><\/jats:roman><\/jats:styled-content> and N2<\/jats:sub>O<\/jats:roman><\/jats:styled-content> fluxes. Methane was taken up throughout the growing season in all 5\u00a0years. A bell\u2010shaped relationship was observed with soil moisture with highest CH4<\/jats:sub><\/jats:roman><\/jats:styled-content> uptake at intermediate soil moisture. Both N2<\/jats:sub>O<\/jats:roman><\/jats:styled-content> emission and uptake occurred at our site with some years showing cumulative N2<\/jats:sub>O emission and other years showing cumulative N2<\/jats:sub>O<\/jats:roman><\/jats:styled-content> uptake. Nitrous oxide exchange switched from net uptake to net emission with increasing soil moisture. In contrast to our hypothesis, both elevated CO2<\/jats:sub><\/jats:roman><\/jats:styled-content> and warming reduced the sink of CH4<\/jats:sub><\/jats:roman><\/jats:styled-content> and N2<\/jats:sub>O<\/jats:roman><\/jats:styled-content> expressed in CO2<\/jats:sub><\/jats:roman><\/jats:styled-content> equivalents (across 5\u00a0years by 7% and 11% for elevated CO2<\/jats:sub><\/jats:roman><\/jats:styled-content> and warming respectively) suggesting that soil moisture changes were not solely responsible for this reduction. We conclude that in a future climate this semiarid grassland may become a smaller sink for atmospheric CH4<\/jats:sub><\/jats:roman><\/jats:styled-content> and N2<\/jats:sub>O<\/jats:roman><\/jats:styled-content> expressed in CO2<\/jats:sub><\/jats:roman><\/jats:styled-content>\u2010equivalents.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/gcb.12182","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,26]],"date-time":"2013-02-26T20:22:28Z","timestamp":1361910148000},"page":"1816-1826","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":125,"title":["Climate change reduces the net sink of CH4<\/sub><\/scp><\/scp> and N2<\/sub>O<\/scp><\/scp> in a semiarid grassland"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Feike A.","family":"Dijkstra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Sciences and Centre for Carbon, Water and Food Faculty of Agriculture and Environment The University of Sydney Camden NSW 2570 Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jack A.","family":"Morgan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rangeland Resources Research Unit USDA\u2010ARS Fort Collins CO 80526 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ronald F.","family":"Follett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Soil, Plant, and Nutrient Research Unit USDA\u2010ARS Fort Collins CO 80526 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel R.","family":"LeCain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rangeland Resources Research Unit USDA\u2010ARS Fort Collins CO 80526 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2486.2003.00654.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-67328-3_3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2486.2008.01617.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0038-0717(02)00166-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2009JG001097"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10661-005-9164-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10021-012-9544-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2486.2006.01280.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2136\/sssaj1992.03615995005600010015x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/1999GB001226"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-386897-8.00027-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8137.2010.03293.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2010JG001288"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1890\/120059"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2389.2001.00395.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/93GL01537"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00374-010-0467-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2006GB002687"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2008JG000731."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","first-page":"130","volume-title":"Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. 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