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Understanding how drier climates may offset the balance of these trade\u2010offs as soils transition toward more arid states is, therefore, critical to estimating global <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NO<\/jats:styled-content> budgets, especially because drylands are expected to increase in size. We measured <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NO<\/jats:styled-content> emission pulses after wetting soils from similar lithologies along an altitudinal gradient in the Sierra Nevada, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CA<\/jats:styled-content>, where mean annual precipitation varied from 670 to 1500\u00a0mm. Along the gradient, we measured field <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NO<\/jats:styled-content> emissions, and used chloroform in the laboratory to reduce microbial activity and partition between biotic and abiotic <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NO<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010producing processes (i.e., chemodenitrification). Field <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NO<\/jats:styled-content> emission pulses were lowest in the acidic and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SOM<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010rich soils (4\u201372\u00a0ng <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NO<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010N m<jats:sup>\u22122<\/jats:sup> s<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>), but were highest in the high\u2010elevation barren site (~560\u00a0ng <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NO<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010N m<jats:sup>\u22122<\/jats:sup> s<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>). In the laboratory, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NO<\/jats:styled-content> emission pulses were up to 19\u00d7 greater in chloroform\u2010treated soils than in the controls, and these abiotic pulses increased with elevation as <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">pH<\/jats:styled-content> decreased (6.2\u20134.4) and soil organic matter (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SOM<\/jats:styled-content>) increased (18\u2013157\u00a0mg C g<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>). Drought can shift the balance between the biotic and abiotic processes that produce <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NO<\/jats:styled-content>, favoring chemodenitrification during periods when biological processes become stressed. Acidic and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SOM<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010rich soils, which typically develop under mesic conditions, are most vulnerable to N loss via <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NO<\/jats:styled-content> as interactions between <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">pH<\/jats:styled-content>,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> SOM<\/jats:styled-content>, and drought stimulate chemodenitrification.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/gcb.13507","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,19]],"date-time":"2016-09-19T23:56:43Z","timestamp":1474329403000},"page":"1735-1747","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Acidity and organic matter promote abiotic nitric oxide production in drying soils"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Peter M.","family":"Homyak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology Earth Research Institute University of California Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Kamiyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Sciences University of California Riverside CA 92521 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James O.","family":"Sickman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Sciences University of California Riverside CA 92521 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joshua P.","family":"Schimel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology Earth Research Institute University of California Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soilbio.2014.01.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00243453"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0269-7491(01)00312-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemgeo.2002.09.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10661-009-0974-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/MMBR.60.4.609-640.1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ea.07.050179.002303"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-7061(97)00034-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","first-page":"149","article-title":"Pulses of nitric oxide and nitrous oxide flux following wetting of dry soil: an assessment of probable sources and importance relative to annual fluxes","volume":"42","author":"Davidson EA","year":"1992","journal-title":"Ecological Bulletins"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2136\/sssaj1992.03615995005600010015x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1009738715891"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/91JD01476"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12670"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-13-10081-2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1641\/0006-3568(2003)053[0404:EEONDI]2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2010.07.034"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","first-page":"7","volume-title":"Exchange of Trace Gases between Terrestrial Ecosystems and the Atmosphere","author":"Firestone MK","year":"1989"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10533-004-0370-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2001jd001289"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10533-015-0120-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2007JG000523"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2011jg001775"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1939413"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2136\/sssaj1967.03615995003100010012x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soilbio.2015.02.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ejss.12306"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","unstructured":"HomyakPM(2012)Nitrogen and phosphorus biogeochemistry of watersheds along the western slope of the Sierra Nevada. 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