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Although many studies have been conducted on this topic, we still have little understanding of how N deposition affects soil C pools and GHG budgets at the global scale. We synthesized a comprehensive dataset of 275 sites from multiple terrestrial ecosystems around the world and quantified the responses of the global soil C pool and GHG fluxes induced by N enrichment. The results showed that the soil organic C concentration and the soil CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>, CH<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub> and N<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O emissions increased by an average of 3.7%, 0.3%, 24.3% and 91.3% under N enrichment, respectively, and that the soil CH<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub> uptake decreased by 6.0%. Furthermore, the percentage increase in N<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O emissions (91.3%) was two times lower than that (215%) reported by Liu and Greaver (<jats:italic>Ecology Letters<\/jats:italic>, 2009, 12:1103\u20131117). There was also greater stimulation of soil C pools (15.70\u00a0kg\u00a0C\u00a0ha<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\u00a0year<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> per kg\u00a0N\u00a0ha<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\u00a0year<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>) than previously reported under N deposition globally. The global N deposition results showed that croplands were the largest GHG sources (calculated as CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> equivalents), followed by wetlands. However, forests and grasslands were two important GHG sinks. Globally, N deposition increased the terrestrial soil C sink by 6.34\u00a0Pg\u00a0CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\/year. It also increased net soil GHG emissions by 10.20\u00a0Pg\u00a0CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\u2010Geq (CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> equivalents)\/year. Therefore, N deposition not only increased the size of the soil C pool but also increased global GHG emissions, as calculated by the global warming potential approach.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/gcb.14970","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,21]],"date-time":"2019-12-21T13:00:35Z","timestamp":1576933235000},"page":"2613-2629","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":183,"title":["Soil GHG fluxes are altered by N deposition: New data indicate lower N stimulation of the N<sub>2<\/sub>O flux and greater stimulation of the calculated C pools"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5898-5100","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lei","family":"Deng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau Northwest A&amp;F University Yangling Shaanxi China"},{"name":"Center of CEF\/ESCER Department of Biological Science University of Quebec at Montreal Montreal QC Canada"},{"name":"Institute of Soil and Water Conservation Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources Yangling Shaanxi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chunbo","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of CEF\/ESCER Department of Biological Science University of Quebec at Montreal Montreal QC Canada"},{"name":"School of Geography and Information Engineering China University of Geosciences Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dong\u2010Gill","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wondo Genet College of Forestry and Natural Resources Hawassa University Shashemene Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhouping","family":"Shangguan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland 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