{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T17:48:25Z","timestamp":1792086505080,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,24]],"date-time":"2021-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1624492800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,24]],"date-time":"2021-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1624492800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Global Change Biology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Anthropogenic nitrogen (N) emissions and deposition have been increasing over past decades. However, spatiotemporal variations of N deposition levels and major sources remain unclear in many regions, which hinders making strategies of emission mitigation and evaluating effects of elevated N deposition. By investigating moss N contents and \u03b4\n                    <jats:sup>15<\/jats:sup>\n                    N values in southwestern (SW) China in 1954\u20131964, 1970\u20131994, and 2005\u20132015, we reconstructed fluxes and source contributions of atmospheric ammonium () and nitrate () deposition and evaluated their historical changes. For urban and non\u2010urban sites, averaged moss N contents did not differ between 1954\u20131964 and 1970\u20131994 (1.2%\u20131.3%) but increased distinctly in 2005\u20132015 (1.6%\u20132.3%), and averaged moss \u03b4\n                    <jats:sup>15<\/jats:sup>\n                    N values decreased from +0.4\u2030 to +3.3\u2030 in 1954\u20131964 to \u22121.9\u2030 to \u22120.7\u2030 in 1974\u20131990, and to \u22124.8\u2030 to \u22123.6\u2030 in 2005\u20132015. Based on quantitative estimations, N deposition levels from the 1950s to the 2000s did not change in the earlier 20\u00a0years but were elevated substantially in the later 30\u00a0years. Moreover, the elevation of  deposition (by 12.2\u00a0kg\u2010N\/ha\/year at urban sites and 4.6\u00a0kg\u2010N\/ha\/year at non\u2010urban sties) was higher than that of  deposition (by 6.0 and 2.9\u00a0kg\u2010N\/ha\/year, respectively) in the later 30\u00a0years. This caused a shifted dominance from  to  in N deposition. Based on isotope source apportionments, contributions of combustion\u2010related NH\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    sources (vehicle exhausts, coal combustion, and biomass burning) to the elevation of  deposition were two times higher than volatilization NH\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    sources (wastes and fertilizers) in the later 30\u00a0years. Meanwhile, non\u2010fossil fuel NO\n                    <jats:sub>\n                      <jats:italic>x<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:sub>\n                    sources (biomass burning, microbial N cycles) contributed generally more than fossil fuel NO\n                    <jats:sub>\n                      <jats:italic>x<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:sub>\n                    sources (vehicle exhausts and coal combustion) to the elevation of  deposition. These results revealed significant contributions of combustion\u2010related NH\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    and non\u2010fossil fuel NO\n                    <jats:sub>\n                      <jats:italic>x<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:sub>\n                    emissions to the historical elevation of N deposition in SW China, which is useful for emission mitigation and ecological effect evaluation of atmospheric N loading.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/gcb.15736","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,5]],"date-time":"2021-06-05T09:49:54Z","timestamp":1622886594000},"page":"4392-4402","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Significant contributions of combustion\u2010related NH\n                    <sub>3<\/sub>\n                    and non\u2010fossil fuel NO\n                    <i>\n                      <sub>x<\/sub>\n                    <\/i>\n                    to elevation of nitrogen deposition in southwestern China over past five decades"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0814-2516","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hao","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Earth System Science Tianjin University Tianjin China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5473-6222","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wei","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Earth System Science Tianjin University Tianjin China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1097-1516","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xue\u2010Yan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Earth System Science Tianjin University Tianjin China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0269\u20107491(94)90102\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1890\/08\u20101140.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2014.05.039"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365\u20102486.2004.00886.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13504500409469817"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.26889\/9781784670177"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/gcb.12210"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/153535102320264512"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41559\u2010018\u20100677\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1748\u20109326\/9\/9\/095004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.177"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2010.05.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecocom.2010.02.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1136674"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2014.04.047"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2014.02.035"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","volume-title":"Bryophyte ecology, Vol. 1. 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