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Here, we synthesize data from 184 sites across 23 countries to quantify their carbon stocks, carbon accumulation rate (CAR) and greenhouse gas (GHG, CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    and CH\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) emissions. Our results reveal that tidal flats sequester 8.6 (4.5\u20139.9) Tg C yr\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    and store 1.2 (0.7\u20132.0) Pg C in the top meter of sediments, increasing global blue carbon estimates by 6%\u201317%. However, they simultaneously emit 0.073 Tg CH\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    yr\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    (3.3 Tg CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    eq yr\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    ), 27.9% of the CH\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    emissions from salt marshes, offsetting 14.1% (1.8%\u201320.4%) of their carbon sequestration benefits. Mudflats exhibit the highest carbon stocks and CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    fluxes among different sediment types, primarily due to their abundant binding sites of fine\u2010grained particles and stronger microbial activities. Both CAR and CH\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    fluxes decline poleward, with tropical zone as hotspots. Our findings highlight the urgency of integrating tidal flats into climate mitigation strategies, particularly given their vulnerability to land\u2010use changes and sea\u2010level rise. Conservation efforts must balance carbon sequestration gains against CH\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    trade\u2010offs to optimize their climate regulation potential.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/gcb.70695","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,24]],"date-time":"2026-01-24T06:31:46Z","timestamp":1769236306000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Unvegetated Tidal Flats: A Critical Yet Vulnerable Coastal Blue Carbon Sink"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Yanping","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Geographical Science Nantong University  Nantong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Changchun","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Geographical Science Nantong University  Nantong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhaoliang","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2803-5419","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Senlin","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Hydraulic Science and Engineering Yangzhou University  Yangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yumeng","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Geographical Science Nantong University  Nantong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruping","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Geographical Science Nantong University  Nantong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dongcheng","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Geographical Science Nantong University  Nantong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1143-9062","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiangqian","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Geographical Science Nantong University  Nantong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7543-6779","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Faming","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, Xiaoliang Research Station of Tropical Coastal Ecosystems South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2022.109538"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/gcb.15046"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-91698-9_2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jmse8100767"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmars.2020.00165"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nclimate3326"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2012GB004375"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","first-page":"3547","article-title":"Sediment CO2 Efflux From Cleared and Intact Temperate Mangroves and Tidal Flats","volume":"12","author":"Bulmer R. 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