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The disruption of species interactions and associated loss of ecological function can precede extinction, yet the effects of warming on interactions remain unresolved. Stress\u2010induced changes in traits and phenological mismatch between interacting species are hypothesized to be primary mechanisms by which warming threatens biodiversity. However, we lack experimental evidence of warming\u2010induced interaction disruption, making it difficult to gauge the importance of these trait\u2010based mechanisms of interaction loss. Using experimental plant\u2013pollinator communities, we show that springtime warming weakens the mutualism not by reducing phenological synchrony but by altering multiple physiological and behavioral traits, ultimately depressing both plant and bee fitness. Despite warming\u2010induced phenological shifts in flowering and bee activity, temporal synchrony between partners was maintained. However, warming reduced flower abundance and bee survival, floral rewards, and bee visits to flowers. Our results refocus attention away from phenological disruption, towards physiological and behavioral changes that reduce mutualism strength in a changing climate.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/gcb.71074","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T10:15:48Z","timestamp":1787739348000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Climate Warming Drives the Breakdown of Plant\u2013Pollinator Mutualisms Despite Phenological Synchrony"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9696-125X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natasha","family":"de Manincor","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Evolution, Ecology and Organismal Biology University of California, Riverside  Riverside California USA"},{"name":"CEFE, CNRS, University of Montpellier, EPHE, IRD  Montpellier France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6179-2767","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alessandro","family":"Fisogni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Evolution, Ecology and Organismal Biology University of California, Riverside  Riverside California USA"},{"name":"CEFE, CNRS, University of Montpellier, EPHE, IRD  Montpellier France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4988-6626","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oscar","family":"Godoy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Estaci\u00f3n Biol\u00f3gica de Do\u00f1ana, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas (EBD\u2010CSIC)  Sevilla Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6350-1705","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicole E.","family":"Rafferty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of BioSciences The University of Melbourne  Parkville Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/285789"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1537\u20102197.1994.tb15624.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3732\/ajb.89.1.37"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v067.i01"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2018.1076"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/2041\u2010210X.14494"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nph.16031"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","unstructured":"Bosch J. andW. 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