{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T06:50:47Z","timestamp":1791615047341,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":113,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791504000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":8,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Global Change Biology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Open\u2010canopy forests and woodlands are a foundational component of historically fire\u2010adapted landscapes, yet their persistence under contemporary climate and fire regimes remains poorly understood. Here, we leverage historical aerial photogrammetry integrated with contemporary satellite imagery to assess landscape change, vegetation transitions, and ecological stability over a century (1930s\u20132020s) for a large regional landscape of the Interior Northwest. We found woodlands declined by more than 40% across the region and exhibited high rates of type conversion, with roughly half converting to closed\u2010canopy forests and a quarter transitioning to grass\u2010 and shrub\u2010dominated ecosystems. Forest area, in contrast, remained relatively stable over the same period as woodland\u2010to\u2010forest conversion compensated for forest losses. The widespread decline in woodlands demonstrates that they exist as a metastable state, created and maintained only under stable, low\u2010 and mixed\u2010severity fire regimes. The loss of these keystone ecosystems portends the erosion of landscape resilience\u2014as remaining woodlands disappear, their ability to buffer for forest losses will decline as well, increasing the risk of abrupt and persistent ecosystem transitions under shifting fire regimes and warmer future climates.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/gcb.71148","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T06:33:41Z","timestamp":1791614021000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Woodland Decline Undermines Resilience in Fire\u2010Adapted Landscapes"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4376-1737","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tucker J.","family":"Furniss","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ecosystem Science and Management University of Wyoming  Laramie Wyoming USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0330-7230","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paul F.","family":"Hessburg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of the Environment University of Washington  Seattle Washington USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1220-7095","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicholas A.","family":"Povak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Spatial Informatics Group  Pleasanton California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. Brion","family":"Salter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"USDA\u2010FS, Pacific Northwest Research Station  Wenatchee Washington USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan J.","family":"Prichard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of the Environment University of Washington  Seattle Washington USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Derek J.","family":"Churchill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Forest Health and Resiliency Division Washington DNR  Olympia Washington USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s43247\u2010021\u201000299\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2020GL091377"},{"issue":"24","key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","article-title":"The Landscape Ecology of Western Forest Fire Regimes","volume":"72","author":"Agee J. 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