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However, whether climate warming will enhance or reduce the function of salt marshes to act as CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    sinks remains uncertain. Here, we investigated the interannual variations in salt marsh CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    sink capacity (net ecosystem exchange, NEE) and efficiency (ecosystem carbon use efficiency, CUE) in response to climate warming, using a long\u2010term eddy covariance dataset (2011\u20132024) from the Yellow River Delta, supplemented by a manipulative warming experiment (2017\u20132021) and a multi\u2010site eddy covariance dataset spanning China and North America (68 site\u2010years). At the study site, we quantified multiyear mean values for NEE as \u2212107\u2009\u00b1\u200959\u2009g C m\n                    <jats:sup>\u22122<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u2009year\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    and for CUE as 0.41\u2009\u00b1\u20090.16, both of which showed strong interannual variability. Moreover, rising temperatures were primarily and negatively associated with yearly changes in CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    sink capacity and efficiency, and these relationships were closely linked to lower gross primary production. The warming experiment further showed that the warming\u2010induced reductions in CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    sink capacity and efficiency were accompanied by increased soil salinity and reduced plant growth. Similar negative associations between temperature and both CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    sink capacity and efficiency were also observed at several sites in the multi\u2010site dataset. Overall, this study improves our understanding of the coupling between climate warming and the CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    sink function of salt marshes and suggests that continued warming may reduce net atmospheric CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    uptake across this biome in the future.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/gcb.71151","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T08:55:21Z","timestamp":1791449721000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Climate Warming Impaired the\n                    <scp>\n                      CO\n                      <sub>2<\/sub>\n                    <\/scp>\n                    Sink Capacity and Efficiency in a\n                    <i>Suaeda salsa<\/i>\n                    \u2010Dominated Salt Marsh"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2677-3020","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Siyu","family":"Wei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences  Yantai Shandong China"},{"name":"Yellow River Delta Field Observation and Research Station of Coastal Wetland Ecosystem Chinese Academy of Sciences  Dongying Shandong China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9505-0961","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaojing","family":"Chu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences  Yantai Shandong China"},{"name":"Yellow River Delta Field Observation and Research Station of Coastal Wetland Ecosystem Chinese Academy of Sciences  Dongying Shandong China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Baoyu","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences  Yantai Shandong China"},{"name":"Yellow River Delta Field Observation and Research Station of Coastal Wetland Ecosystem Chinese Academy of Sciences  Dongying Shandong China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruifeng","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences  Yantai Shandong China"},{"name":"Yellow River Delta Field Observation and Research Station of Coastal Wetland Ecosystem Chinese Academy of Sciences  Dongying Shandong China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoshuai","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences  Yantai Shandong China"},{"name":"Yellow River Delta Field Observation and Research Station of Coastal Wetland Ecosystem Chinese Academy of Sciences  Dongying Shandong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9570-0426","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Weimin","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences  Yantai Shandong China"},{"name":"Yellow River Delta Field Observation and Research Station of Coastal Wetland Ecosystem Chinese Academy of Sciences  Dongying Shandong China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaojie","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences  Yantai Shandong China"},{"name":"Yellow River Delta Field Observation and Research Station of Coastal Wetland Ecosystem Chinese Academy of Sciences  Dongying Shandong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1651-8969","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elise","family":"Pendall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment Western Sydney University  Penrith New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2651-8599","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guangxuan","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences  Yantai Shandong China"},{"name":"Yellow River Delta Field Observation and Research Station of Coastal Wetland Ecosystem Chinese Academy of Sciences  Dongying Shandong China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing 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S. X.Chu andG.Han.2026.\u201cData Underlying Publication: Climate Warming Impaired the CO2Sink Capacity and Efficiency in aSuaeda salsa\u2010Dominated Salt Marsh [Dataset].\u201dZenodo.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5281\/zenodo.23032591."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecss.2020.106727"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/gcb.70029"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/gcb.17509"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/geb.13852"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5194\/bg\u201015\u20105015\u20102018"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ngeo2093"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s43017\u2010025\u201000743\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s43016\u2010025\u201001156\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41558\u2010024\u201001933\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/gcb.14718"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/gcb.13726"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.adf5098"}],"container-title":["Global Change Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/gcb.71151","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/gcb.71151","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/gcb.71151","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T08:55:23Z","timestamp":1791449723000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/gcb.71151"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"references-count":77,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/gcb.71151"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/gcb.71151","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1354-1013","1365-2486"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1354-1013","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2486","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-04-23","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-28","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-10-08","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e71151"}}