{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T04:52:57Z","timestamp":1780635177665,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,16]],"date-time":"2023-04-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1681603200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Gerodontology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>This retrospective study to evaluate the treatment outcomes of mandibular mini\u2010implant overdentures (MIODs) placed under a two\u2010step immediate loading protocol.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The mini\u2010implant overdenture emphasises the advantages of simplicity using flapless surgery and immediate loading. However, some mini\u2010implant have lowe initial stability.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 30 participants who used mandibular MIODs and maxillary removable complete dentures (RCDs) over 4\u2009years were included. Four one\u2010piece mini\u2010implants (&lt;3\u2009mm in diameter) were placed by a flapless surgical approach after fabrication of new RCDs, and the O\u2010ring attachment was attached at least 8\u2009weeks after implant placement.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The average observation period was 58.9\u2009\u00b1\u20099.2\u00a0months after mini\u2010implant loading. The survival rate of the implants was 100.0%, and the overall change in mean marginal bone level (\u0394MBL) was \u22120.9\u2009\u00b1\u20091.1\u2009mm. The implant success rate was 83.3% at the implant level, and 66.7% at the patient level. The mean initial Periotest value was 0.9\u2009\u00b1\u20093.1, and it was positively associated with \u0394MBL and implant success (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.05). Patient satisfaction improved after conversion from RCDs to MIODs (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.05), and mastication and pain showed greater satisfaction with longer loading time (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.05).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The mandibular MIODs could be chosen as an alternative treatment under a two\u2010step immediate\u2010loading protocol in edentulous patients with limited alveolar bone volume. To ensure superior treatment outcomes of MIODs, initial stability of implant must be obtained using as wide a diameter as possible within the anatomically allowable limits.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ger.12683","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,16]],"date-time":"2023-04-16T09:53:48Z","timestamp":1681638828000},"page":"501-508","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Mini\u2010implant mandibular overdentures under a two\u2010step immediate loading protocol: A 4\u20136\u2010year retrospective study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"40","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3220-9912","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jin\u2010Hong","family":"Park","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Prosthodontics Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University Medicine  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sang\u2010Wan","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Korea University Medicine  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeong\u2010Yol","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Advanced Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Clinical Dentistry Korea University  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Osseointegrated implants in the treatment of the edentulous jaw. 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