{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T10:41:49Z","timestamp":1789987309273,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"S1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,23]],"date-time":"2014-01-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1390435200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Geriatrics Gerontology Int"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our aim was to clarify the association between type 2 diabetes and the risk of low muscle mass in older adults.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In the present study, 414 adults aged 65 years or older (144 patients with type 2 diabetes and 270 control participants) were included. Body composition was measured by dual\u2010energy <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">X<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010ray absorptiometry. Low muscle mass was defined as the appendicular skeletal muscle mass\/height<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ASM<\/jats:styled-content>\/Ht<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>) or appendicular skeletal muscle mass\/weight (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ASM<\/jats:styled-content>\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">W<\/jats:styled-content>t) of &lt;2 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SD<\/jats:styled-content> below the sex\u2010specific normal mean of the young reference group, or &lt;lower 20th percentile of total body skeletal muscle mass\/weight (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TSM<\/jats:styled-content>\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">W<\/jats:styled-content>t) from control participants.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Older men with type 2 diabetes showed significantly lower appendicular skeletal muscle mass than those without diabetes (19.5\u2009\u00b1\u20093.5\u2009kg <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> 21.0\u2009\u00b1\u20092.8\u2009kg, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). The prevalence of low muscle mass was consistently higher in older men with diabetes than those without diabetes defined by <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ASM<\/jats:styled-content>\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">H<\/jats:styled-content>t<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> (57.6% <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> 41.5%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.040), <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ASM<\/jats:styled-content>\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">W<\/jats:styled-content>t (23.7% <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> 12.3%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.046) and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TSM<\/jats:styled-content>\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">W<\/jats:styled-content>t (49.2% <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> 20.0%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). In older women with diabetes, the prevalence of low muscle mass was higher than those without diabetes by <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ASM<\/jats:styled-content>\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">W<\/jats:styled-content>t (25.9% <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> 15.0%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.044) and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TSM<\/jats:styled-content>\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">W<\/jats:styled-content>t (32.9% <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> 20.0%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.030), but not by <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ASM<\/jats:styled-content>\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">H<\/jats:styled-content>t<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> (7.1% <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> 8.6%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.685). The risk of low muscle mass was approximately two\u2010 to fourfold higher in older adults with type 2 diabetes, even after adjusting for age, body mass index, current smoking and other risk factors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>In <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">K<\/jats:styled-content>orean older adults, type 2 diabetes is associated with low muscle mass. <jats:bold><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">G<\/jats:styled-content>eriatr <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">G<\/jats:styled-content>erontol <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">I<\/jats:styled-content>nt 2014; 14 (Suppl. 1): 115\u2013121.<\/jats:bold><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ggi.12189","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,23]],"date-time":"2014-01-23T06:18:13Z","timestamp":1390457893000},"page":"115-121","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":160,"title":["Type 2 diabetes is associated with low muscle mass in 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