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The current study was carried out to determine the factors associated with cognitive decline.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The older <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T2DM<\/jats:styled-content> patients (aged \u226565\u2009years, mean age 79.2\u2009\u00b1\u20095.1\u2009years) were observed for 6\u2009years, and the mean values in clinical indicators of participants with and without cognitive decline over a 6\u2010year period were compared. Then, multiple logistic analysis was carried out to determine the factors associated with cognitive decline. Separate analyses were also carried out for each of five cognitive assessments (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">M<\/jats:styled-content>ini\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">M<\/jats:styled-content>ental <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>tate <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">E<\/jats:styled-content>xamination, word immediate and delayed recall, Stroop test, digit symbol substitution).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In the composite of several cognitive assessments, higher age and a lower level of high\u2010density lipoprotein cholesterol were associated with cognitive decline in older <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T2DM<\/jats:styled-content> patients. Lower systolic blood pressure was associated with a decline in delayed word list recall. Higher plasma insulin level was associated with a decline in the Stroop test performance.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Lower high\u2010density lipoprotein cholesterol was significantly associated with general cognitive decline in older <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T2DM<\/jats:styled-content> patients during our 6\u2010year observation. Several other factors were also associated with cognitive assessments of various cognitive domains. <jats:bold>Geriatr Gerontol Int 2015; 15: 302\u2013310.<\/jats:bold><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ggi.12273","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,6]],"date-time":"2014-03-06T04:22:42Z","timestamp":1394079762000},"page":"302-310","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Factors associated with cognitive decline in older adults with type\u20092 diabetes mellitus during a 6\u2010year observation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Hiroyuki","family":"Umegaki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Healthcare &amp; Geriatrics Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine  Nagoya Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takahiko","family":"Kawamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diabetes and Endocrine Internal Medicine Chubu Rosai 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