{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,26]],"date-time":"2026-07-26T02:42:57Z","timestamp":1785033777000,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,11]],"date-time":"2017-02-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1486771200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Geriatrics Gerontology Int"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>The present study aimed to characterize the prevalence of anemia and iron deficiency in older Portuguese adults, and to compare it with the prevalence in younger individuals.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A population\u2010based, cross\u2010sectional study (EMPIRE study) enrolling a representative sample of 6267 adults aged &lt;65 years and 1617 adults aged \u226565 years was carried out. Hemoglobin, ferritin, creatinine and C\u2010reactive protein levels were measured by Point\u2010of\u2010Care tests.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Anemia was more prevalent (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001) in participants aged \u226580 years (31.4%) compared with participants aged &lt;65 years (19.6%) and 65\u201379 years (17.3%). At a 30\u2010ng\/mL ferritin cut\u2010off, iron deficiency was more prevalent in participants aged \u226580 years (42.8%) compared with participants aged &lt;65 years (31.5%) and 65\u201379 years (30.2%). Alternative ferritin cut\u2010offs showed overall similar patterns. Anemia and iron deficiency were significantly more prevalent in older individuals who self\u2010reported heart failure, coronary heart disease and gastritis. Anemia was more prevalent in participants aged &lt;65 years in the north of Portugal and participants aged \u226565 years in central Portugal, following the prevalence of iron deficiency in the regions. In all regions, anemia was more prevalent in participants aged \u226580 years (reaching 39.0% in Lisbon and Tagus Valley, and 51.0% in the south).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Anemia and iron deficiency are highly prevalent in older Portuguese adults, particularly among those aged \u226580 years. Better diagnosis, prevention and treatment strategies should be implemented taking into account the outstanding role of iron deficiency in older Portuguese adults, the differences between regions and the intrinsic characteristics of this population. <jats:bold>Geriatr Gerontol Int 2017; 17: 1814\u20131822<\/jats:bold>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ggi.12966","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,11]],"date-time":"2017-02-11T11:56:41Z","timestamp":1486814201000},"page":"1814-1822","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Prevalence of anemia and iron deficiency in older Portuguese adults: An EMPIRE substudy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Ant\u00f3nio","family":"Robalo Nunes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Anemia Working Group \u2013 Portugal  Lisbon Portugal"},{"name":"Geriatric University Unit Lisbon University Medical School  Lisbon Portugal"},{"name":"Northern Lisbon Hospital Center  Lisbon Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C\u00e2ndida","family":"Fonseca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anemia Working Group \u2013 Portugal  Lisbon Portugal"},{"name":"West Lisbon Hospital Center  Lisbon Portugal"},{"name":"NOVA Medical School Nova University of Lisbon  Lisbon Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Filipa","family":"Marques","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anemia Working Group \u2013 Portugal  Lisbon Portugal"},{"name":"West Lisbon Hospital Center  Lisbon Portugal"},{"name":"NOVA Medical School Nova University of Lisbon  Lisbon Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aurora","family":"Belo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anemia Working Group \u2013 Portugal  Lisbon Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dialina","family":"Brilhante","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anemia Working Group \u2013 Portugal  Lisbon Portugal"},{"name":"Francisco Gentil Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Lisbon Center  Lisbon Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Cortez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anemia Working Group \u2013 Portugal  Lisbon Portugal"},{"name":"NOVA Medical School Nova University of Lisbon  Lisbon Portugal"},{"name":"Francisco Gentil Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Lisbon Center  Lisbon Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2003.12.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.seminhematol.2008.06.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","article-title":"WHO Global Database on Anemia","volume":"2008","author":"World Health Organization. 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