{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,20]],"date-time":"2026-02-20T16:48:37Z","timestamp":1771606117187,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,7]],"date-time":"2018-03-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1520380800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Geriatrics Gerontology Int"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study objective was to investigate whether small dense low\u2010density lipoprotein cholesterol (sdLDL\u2010C) is superior to low\u2010density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL\u2010C) and other biomarkers to predict future cardiovascular events (CE) in secondary prevention.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>sdLDL\u2010C measured by a homogeneous assay, remnant lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL particle diameter and other biomarkers were compared in 345 men aged \u226565\u2009years with stable coronary artery disease. Baseline LDL\u2010C was 100.5\u2009\u00b1\u200930.1\u2009mg\/dL. CE including cardiovascular death, onset of acute coronary syndrome, need for arterial revascularization, hospitalization for heart failure, surgery procedure for cardiovascular disease and hospitalization for stroke were monitored for 5\u2009years.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>CE occurred in 96 patients during the study period. LDL\u2010C, sdLDL\u2010C non\u2010high\u2010density lipoprotein cholesterol, apolipoprotein\u2009B, remnant lipoprotein cholesterol, glucose, glycated hemoglobin and brain natriuretic peptide were significantly higher; LDL particle diameter and apolipoprotein\u2009A\u20101 were significantly lower in patients with than in those without CE. Age\u2010adjusted Cox regression analysis showed that sdLDL\u2010C per 10\u2009mg\/dL, but not LDL\u2010C, was significantly associated with CE (HR 1.206, 95% CI 1.006\u20131.446). A significant association of sdLDL\u2010C and incident CE was observed in statin users (HR 1.252, 95% CI 1.017\u20131.540), diabetes patients (HR 1.219, 95% CI 1.018\u20131.460), patients without diabetes (HR 1.257, 95% CI 1.019\u20131.551) and patients with hypertriglyceridemia (HR 1. 376, 95% CI 1.070\u20131.770).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>sdLDL\u2010C was the most effective predictor of residual risk of future CE in stable coronary artery disease patients using statins and in high\u2010risk coronary artery disease patients with diabetes or hypertriglyceridemia. <jats:bold>Geriatr Gerontol Int 2018; 18: 965\u2013972<\/jats:bold>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ggi.13287","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,7]],"date-time":"2018-03-07T09:22:44Z","timestamp":1520414564000},"page":"965-972","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Small dense low\u2010density lipoprotein cholesterol is a promising biomarker for secondary prevention in older men with stable coronary artery disease"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Koshiro","family":"Sakai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology Showa University School of Medicine  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3345-2703","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shinji","family":"Koba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology Showa University School of Medicine  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuya","family":"Nakamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology Showa University School of Medicine  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuya","family":"Yokota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology Showa University School of Medicine  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fumiyoshi","family":"Tsunoda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology Showa University School of Medicine  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Makoto","family":"Shoji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology Showa University School of Medicine  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yasuki","family":"Itoh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"R&amp;D Center Denka Seiken Co. 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