{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T00:51:00Z","timestamp":1787014260801,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,19]],"date-time":"2019-11-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1574121600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001868","name":"National Science Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOST 108\u20102314\u2010B002\u2010178"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST 108\u20102314\u2010B002\u2010178"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001868","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Geriatrics Gerontology Int"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study investigated the evolution of vestibular disorders in dizzy older adults from young\u2010old to middle\u2010old to oldest\u2010old individuals, which has been less examined in detail so far.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 3714 older patients with vertigo\/dizziness in a university hospital were retrospectively reviewed and divided into three groups; namely, the young\u2010old group aged 65\u201374\u2009years (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 2307), the middle\u2010old group aged 75\u201384\u2009years (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 1176) and the oldest\u2010old group aged \u226585\u2009years (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 231). All patients underwent an inner ear test battery comprising audiometry, caloric test, cervical and ocular vestibular\u2010evoked myogenic potential tests, and foam posturography.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The ratios between peripheral and central vestibular disorders ranged from the young\u2010old (60:40%) and middle\u2010old (36:64%) to the oldest\u2010old (25:75%) groups. These results show a decreasing sequence in the prevalence of peripheral vestibular disorders (i.e. benign paroxysmal positional vertigo or Meniere\u02bcs disease), and an increasing sequence in that of central vestibular disorders (i.e. vertebrobasilar artery insufficiency) from young\u2010old to middle\u2010old to oldest\u2010old patients. Furthermore, the mean Romberg quotients (value from eyes closed divided by that from eyes open) of the sway area on the foam pad were 1.99\u2009\u00b1\u20090.93, 2.10\u2009\u00b1\u20091.06 and 2.62\u2009\u00b1\u20091.78 in the young\u2010old, middle\u2010old and oldest\u2010old groups, respectively, showing a significant difference among them.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Older patients with central vestibular disorders might be more prone to imbalance and falls than those with peripheral vestibular disorders, partly because patients in the latter group retain other reflex systems; that is, the visuomotor reflex to stabilize the gaze and maintain balance. Hence, adequate vision is important in maintaining balance for older adults with vertigo\/dizziness.\n                      <jats:bold>Geriatr Gerontol Int 2020; 20: 42\u201346<\/jats:bold>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ggi.13813","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,19]],"date-time":"2019-11-19T13:37:48Z","timestamp":1574170668000},"page":"42-46","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Evolution of vestibular disorders in older adults: From young\u2010old to middle\u2010old to oldest\u2010old"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Yu\u2010Jr","family":"Jeng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology National Taiwan University Hospital  Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3194-5811","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yi\u2010Ho","family":"Young","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology National Taiwan University Hospital  Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/019459988910000404"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","first-page":"42","article-title":"Clinical practice: preventing falls in elderly persons","volume":"3348","author":"Tinetti ME","year":"2002","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.297.1.77"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14336\/AD.2014.0128"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016487309121501"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016487309121518"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/VES-2001-11204"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.20652"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.moo.0000186799.45377.63"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1969.00770030767020"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/66.10.1548"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.23640"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00129492-200411000-00019"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0b013e3181e8fb1a"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","first-page":"18","article-title":"Dizziness in aging: the clinical experience","volume":"63","author":"Katsarkas A","year":"2008","journal-title":"Geriatrics"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199406233302509"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0194-5998(95)70102-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.21.4.637"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2015.01.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afl084"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/an.115.008367"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2014.02.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","first-page":"143","article-title":"The aging vestibular system: dizziness and imbalance in the elderly","volume":"82","author":"Jahn K","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv Otorhinolaryngol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(86)90717-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2017.00404"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heares.2012.07.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra041544"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otc.2011.01.012"}],"container-title":["Geriatrics &amp; 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