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The mean Mini\u2010Mental State Examination (MMSE) score was 21.0\u2009\u00b1\u20093.8. The 25\u2010hydroxy vitamin D (25[OH]D) level was correlated negatively with the WMH volume (\u03b2 = \u22120.219, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> =\u20090.004) after adjusting for age, sex, years of education, apolipoprotein \u03b54 allele status, seasons of blood sampling, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, coronary heart disease and total brain volume. The 25(OH)D level was correlated positively with the MMSE score (\u03b2 = 0.309, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt;\u20090.001) after adjusting for the same covariates. Multivariate regression analysis with the MMSE score serving as the dependent variable and adjustment for covariates showed that the 25(OH)D level was an independent predictor of the MMSE score (\u03b2 = 0.322, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt;\u20090.001), but the WMH volume was not (\u03b2 = 0.056, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> =\u20090.587). These findings suggest that WMH has no mediation effect between the 25(OH)D level and the MMSE score.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Reduced plasma 25(OH)D levels were associated with low MMSE scores in patients with mild AD, but the underlying mechanism is not attributable to WMH. Thus, it suggested that the presence of another pathomechanism exists. <jats:bold>Geriatr Gerontol Int 2020; 20: 52\u201358<\/jats:bold>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ggi.13821","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,27]],"date-time":"2019-11-27T07:28:53Z","timestamp":1574839733000},"page":"52-58","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Effect of vitamin D on cognitive function and white matter hyperintensity in patients with mild Alzheimer's disease"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2453-4758","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"En\u2010Jie","family":"Shih","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital  Kaohsiung Taiwan"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine National Yang\u2010Ming University, School of Medicine  Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei\u2010Ju","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine National Yang\u2010Ming University, School of Medicine  Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Neurological Institute Taichung Veterans General Hospital  Taichung Taiwan"},{"name":"Dementia and Parkinson's Disease Integrated Center Taichung Veterans General Hospital  Taichung Taiwan"},{"name":"Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology Taichung Veterans General Hospital  Taichung Taiwan"},{"name":"Brain Research Center National Yang\u2010Ming University  Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jung\u2010Lung","family":"Hsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Institute of Humanities in Medicine Taipei Medical University  Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou Medical Center and College of Medicine Chang\u2010Gung University  Taoyuan Taiwan"},{"name":"Research Center for Brain and Consciousness Taipei Medical University, Shuang\u2010Ho Hospital  New Taipei City Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuu\u2010Jiun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine National Yang\u2010Ming University, School of Medicine  Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Brain Research Center National Yang\u2010Ming University  Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Division of General Neurology, Department of Neurology Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital  Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jong\u2010Ling","family":"Fuh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine National Yang\u2010Ming University, School of Medicine  Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Brain Research Center National Yang\u2010Ming University  Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Division of General Neurology, Department of Neurology Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital  Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","unstructured":"KeeneCDMontineTJ KullerLH. 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