{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T13:37:55Z","timestamp":1792244275744,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,22]],"date-time":"2020-11-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606003200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Geriatrics Gerontology Int"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>To provide guidelines on the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of skin ulcers in Werner syndrome.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This article was based on literature from 1996, when WRN was identified as a gene responsible for Werner syndrome, and we evaluated several authentic clinical cases of genetically diagnosed patients. There were 63 patients with Werner syndrome in the Japanese reports retrieved from Medical Online between January 1996 and December 2017. There were 56 patients with Werner syndrome in English reports written by Japanese authors and retrieved from PubMed during the same period.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Records on skin ulcers were found in 27 (43%) out of 63 patients and 22 (40%) out of 56 patients from the Japanese and English reports, respectively. The reported ulcers were often located at the distal one\u2010third of the lower legs. There were 8 patients with callosities in the foot in the Japanese reports and 9 patients in the English reports. A skin ulcer in Werner syndrome is generally intractable. Weight\u2010bearing ulcers or callosity should be critically assessed in surgical procedures because they have effects on patient pain and gait. By adopting a recently advanced technique to facilitate wound healing, the cases of ulcers that were difficult to treat and those requiring major operations can be closed with minimally invasive surgery.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Skin ulcers in Werner syndrome are refractory, and they lead to reduced quality of life of patients. A callosity in Werner syndrome is an important therapeutic target for the prevention of ulcers. <jats:bold>Geriatr Gerontol Int 2021; 21: 153\u2013159<\/jats:bold>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ggi.14096","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,23]],"date-time":"2020-11-23T04:16:10Z","timestamp":1606104970000},"page":"153-159","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Management guideline for <scp>W<\/scp>erner syndrome 2020. 6. Skin ulcers associated with <scp>W<\/scp>erner syndrome: Prevention and non\u2010surgical and surgical treatment"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Yoshitaka","family":"Kubota","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine  Chiba Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9599-2465","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Minoru","family":"Takemoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, School of Medicine International University of Health and Welfare  Chiba Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toshibumi","family":"Taniguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases Chiba University Hospital  Chiba Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sei\u2010ichiro","family":"Motegi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine  Maebashi Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akira","family":"Taniguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Nara Medical University  Nara Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4494-3601","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hironori","family":"Nakagami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Development and Medicine Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine  Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshiro","family":"Maezawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine  Chiba Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7374-9993","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masaya","family":"Koshizaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine  Chiba Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hisaya","family":"Kato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine  Chiba Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seijiro","family":"Mori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for the Promotion of Clinical Investigation Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazuhisa","family":"Tsukamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Teikyo University School of Medicine  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masafumi","family":"Kuzuya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Healthcare &amp; Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Institutes of Innovation for Future Society Nagoya University  Nagoya Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Koutaro","family":"Yokote","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine  Chiba Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keg180"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","unstructured":"Japanese Society of Pressure Ulcers.DESIGN\u2010R.http:\/\/www.jspu.org\/jpn\/info\/design.html. (in Japanese)."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","first-page":"303","article-title":"Revascularization of femoropopliteal artery occlusion in Werner's syndrome. Report of a case and review of surgical literature in cardiovascular lesions","volume":"41","author":"Akiyama K","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","first-page":"40","article-title":"A cross\u2010sectional validation study of using NERDS and STONEES to assess bacterial burden","volume":"55","author":"Woo KY","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ostomy Wound Manage"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","first-page":"291","article-title":"Experience of radial recurrent flap for intractable ulcers in patients with Werner syndrome","volume":"52","author":"Hayashi T","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Jpn Soc Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Experience in treating Werner syndrome with bilateral intractable olecranon ulcers","volume":"52","author":"Abe Y","year":"2003","journal-title":"Yamaguchi Med J"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","first-page":"24","article-title":"A case of radial forearm flap for intractable skin ulcer of the elbow due to Werner syndrome","volume":"43","author":"Ooshima S","year":"2001","journal-title":"Hokkaido J Orthop Traumatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2169\/naika.100.1642"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","first-page":"175","article-title":"A sibling with Werner syndrome with congenital elbow dislocation","volume":"43","author":"Akimoto H","year":"1999","journal-title":"Tohoku Arch Orthop Surg Dent Traumatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","first-page":"134","article-title":"Experience in treating knee joint skin soft tissue defects by free latissimus dorsi flap transplantation","volume":"59","author":"Taniguchi Y","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Wakayama Med Soc"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2008-1040775"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","first-page":"45","article-title":"A case of heel ulcer suspected of WS","volume":"24","author":"Suzuki S","year":"2015","journal-title":"Skin Surg"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000637-199809000-00015"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/230949900301100222"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","first-page":"164","article-title":"A case in which lumbar sympathetic ganglion block was effective for intractable leg ulcer of WS","volume":"2","author":"Shinokawa M","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Jpn Soc Pain Clin"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","first-page":"96","article-title":"A case of WS in which lumbar sympathetic ganglion block was effective","volume":"2","author":"Satoh O","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Jpn Soc Pain Clin"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","first-page":"180","article-title":"Two cases of Werner syndrome with a chief complaint of gait disturbance","volume":"37","author":"Suzuki Y","year":"2000","journal-title":"Jpn J Rehabil Med"}],"container-title":["Geriatrics &amp; Gerontology International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ggi.14096","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/ggi.14096","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ggi.14096","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,2]],"date-time":"2023-09-02T16:46:01Z","timestamp":1693673161000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/ggi.14096"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,22]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/ggi.14096"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ggi.14096","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1444-1586","1447-0594"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1444-1586","type":"print"},{"value":"1447-0594","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-10-05","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-11-04","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-11-22","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}