{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T16:21:23Z","timestamp":1789662083277,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"S1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,18]],"date-time":"2023-12-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1702857600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004844","name":"National Cheng Kung University Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NCKUH\u201011201004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NCKUH\u201011201004"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004844","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Geriatrics Gerontology Int"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate oral frailty features present in hospitalized older patients with aspiration pneumonia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We enrolled hospitalized patients aged \u226550\u2009years and classified them into three groups: the community\u2010acquired, aspiration, and non\u2010community\u2010acquired pneumonia groups. Oral frailty was defined as meeting three or more criteria from the following: choking, and decreased occlusal force, masticatory function, tongue\u2013lip motor function, tongue pressure, and tongue pressure during swallowing.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of 168 patients enrolled, the incidence of aspiration pneumonia was 23.9% (17\/71) in patients admitted with pneumonia as the primary diagnosis. The occlusal force and masticatory function were significantly poorer and tongue pressure and tongue pressure during swallowing were significantly lower in the aspiration pneumonia group than in the other two groups. A higher number of chronic comorbidities, poor oral health, and lower tongue pressure during swallowing were significantly associated with aspiration pneumonia. A tongue pressure during swallowing of &lt;10.32\u2009kPa might be a cutoff point for predicting the risk of aspiration pneumonia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Hospitalized patients aged \u226550\u2009years with multiple comorbidities, poor oral hygiene, and oral frailty during swallowing are at a higher risk of developing aspiration pneumonia, especially when their tongue pressure during swallowing is &lt;10.32\u2009kPa. Aspiration pneumonia is a preventable disease. Healthcare professionals should incorporate tongue pressure measurements or other screening tools into routine clinical practice to facilitate the early detection of this condition and intervention. <jats:bold>Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24: 351\u2013357<\/jats:bold>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ggi.14769","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,19]],"date-time":"2023-12-19T10:04:08Z","timestamp":1702980248000},"page":"351-357","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Tongue pressure during swallowing is an independent risk factor for aspiration pneumonia in middle\u2010aged and older hospitalized patients: An observational study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7353-3383","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yen\u2010Chin","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing National Cheng Kung 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