{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T08:08:47Z","timestamp":1780387727817,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,28]],"date-time":"2024-02-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709078400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007312","name":"National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["21\u201018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21\u201018"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007312","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007312","name":"National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["29\u201042\/20\u20101"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["29\u201042\/20\u20101"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007312","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Geriatrics Gerontology Int"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aimed to examine the relationships between levels of competence and impaired physical and cognitive functions in older adults.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We used a data set of the Integrated Longitudinal Studies on Aging in Japan for 2017 including 5475 community\u2010dwelling older adults. Levels of competence were assessed using the Japan Science and Technology Agency Index of Competence (JST\u2010IC). Grip strength (low grip strength: &lt;28\u2009kg for men and &lt;18\u2009kg for women) and gait speed (slow gait speed: &lt;1.0\u2009m\/s for both sexes) were evaluated as physical function measurements, and the Mini\u2010Mental State Examination (cognitive decline: &lt;24 on the Mini\u2010Mental State Examination) was used to assess cognitive function.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The JST\u2010IC had areas under the curve estimated from receiver operating characteristic analysis ranging from 0.65 to 0.73 for detecting low function as assessed by these tests. Restricted cubic spline curves showed that the shape of the association between the JST\u2010IC and impaired function depended on sex and the test used. The comparison between perfect and imperfect JST\u2010IC scores showed significant differences in the prevalence of low grip strength in both sexes, slow gait speed in women, and cognitive decline in men.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>It may be insufficient to identify those with impaired physical or cognitive function using the JST\u2010IC. The shape of the association with the JST\u2010IC varies across their measurements. Our findings can help interpret JST\u2010IC scores in the context of low physical and cognitive functions. <jats:bold>Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24: 352\u2013358<\/jats:bold>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ggi.14839","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,29]],"date-time":"2024-02-29T05:19:00Z","timestamp":1709183940000},"page":"352-358","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Higher\u2010level competence: Results from the Integrated Longitudinal Studies on Aging in Japan (ILSA\u2010J) on the shape of associations with impaired physical and cognitive functions"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7925-3136","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takumi","family":"Abe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3384-1696","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yoshinori","family":"Fujiwara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akihiko","family":"Kitamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology  Tokyo Japan"},{"name":"Health Town Development Science Center, Yao City Public Health Center  Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Nofuji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2551-9605","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yukiko","family":"Nishita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology of Aging National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology  Obu Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9898-675X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hyuma","family":"Makizako","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Kagoshima University  Kagoshima Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seungwon","family":"Jeong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Welfare Niimi University  Okayama Japan"},{"name":"Department of Social Science National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology  Obu 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