{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,8]],"date-time":"2026-08-08T07:42:17Z","timestamp":1786174937165,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,15]],"date-time":"2025-10-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760486400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,15]],"date-time":"2025-10-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760486400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Geriatrics Gerontology Int"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Frailty assessment in older diabetic patients is crucial for identifying high\u2010risk patients for interventions targeting modifiable risk factors, thus preventing complications and mortality. This study aimed to evaluate the use of the clinical frailty scale (CFS) to predict mortality in community\u2010dwelling older diabetic patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a retrospective cohort study to evaluate the use of CFS in predicting 2\u2010year all\u2010cause mortality and to examine the mortality risk factors. Community\u2010dwelling older diabetic adults at least 65\u2009years old were identified from the registry of hospital\u2010discharged patients enrolled in the discharge support program between 1 August 2018 and 31 December 2019. Patients were excluded if they died during the index admission, had exclusive medical follow\u2010up in the private sector, or were discharged directly to residential care homes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      All\u2010cause mortality within 2\u2009years was 23%. Patients with CFS 5 had a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.70 (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.014), CFS 6 had a HR of 2.30 (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), and CFS 7\u20138 had a HR of 5.11 (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) compared to patients with CFS 1\u20134. Age was not a significant risk factor after adjustment. Poor nutritional status (lower BMI and albumin level), cardiovascular diseases including ischemic heart disease and congestive heart failure, and history of malignancy were associated with a higher risk of mortality.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CFS is a strong predictor of mortality within a short period of 2\u2009years in community\u2010dwelling older diabetic patients. Early identification of frailty allows timely interventions that target mortality risk factors, potentially improving outcomes and reducing mortality in these patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ggi.70216","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,15]],"date-time":"2025-10-15T23:24:54Z","timestamp":1760570694000},"page":"1732-1740","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Clinical Frailty Scale as A Predictor of 2\u2010Year Mortality and Associated Risk Factors in Older Diabetic Patients"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8154-8056","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Whitney Chin\u2010Tung","family":"Ip","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Queen Mary Hospital, University of Hong Kong  Hong\u00a0Kong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5054-7106","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yat\u2010Fung","family":"Shea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Queen Mary Hospital, University of Hong Kong  Hong\u00a0Kong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tuen\u2010Ching","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Queen Mary Hospital, University of Hong Kong  Hong\u00a0Kong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oi\u2010Yee","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Queen Mary Hospital, University of Hong Kong  Hong\u00a0Kong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wai\u2010Kwong","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Care Services Queen Mary Hospital  Hong Kong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tze\u2010Ching","family":"Law","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing Queen Mary Hospital  Hong Kong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James Ka\u2010Hay","family":"Luk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Queen Mary Hospital, University of Hong Kong  Hong\u00a0Kong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-018-0823-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0898264314558202"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.190952"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17051582"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12809\/hkmj219411"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exger.2018.11.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-5491.2010.02977.x"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","first-page":"S244","article-title":"13. Older Adults: Standards of Care in Diabetes\u20142024","volume":"47","author":"Committee ADAPP","year":"2023","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.050051"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-020-01801-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ggi.13637"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","first-page":"208","article-title":"Effectiveness of a Discharge Planning and Community Support Programme in Preventing Readmission of High\u2010Risk Older Patients","volume":"21","author":"Lin F. O.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hong Kong Medical Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9681(87)90171-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MEJ.0000000000000788"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afaa004"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-022-03404-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.18700"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2021.12.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.119.006798"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/CIA.S365494"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.21.00118"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AIA.0000000000000394"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ggi.14171"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/gls095"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","unstructured":"H. K. S. G.Health Bureau \u201cHong Kong Reference Framework for Diabetes Care for Adults in Primary Care Settings \u201d2023."}],"container-title":["Geriatrics &amp; Gerontology International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ggi.70216","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/ggi.70216","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ggi.70216","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,8]],"date-time":"2026-08-08T06:42:53Z","timestamp":1786171373000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/ggi.70216"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,15]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/ggi.70216"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ggi.70216","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1444-1586","1447-0594"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1444-1586","type":"print"},{"value":"1447-0594","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-01-18","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-10-03","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-10-15","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}