{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T17:59:34Z","timestamp":1791482374871,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761004800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761004800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Geriatrics Gerontology Int"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to investigate the independent associations of walking speed (WS) and hand grip strength (HGS) with the risk of hypertension in older adults.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We analyzed data from 1890 older adults participating in a Korean community\u2010based cohort study. Hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure\u2009\u2265\u2009140\u2009mmHg, diastolic blood pressure\u2009\u2265\u200990\u2009mmHg, self\u2010reported physician diagnosis, or current antihypertensive medication use. WS was measured using a 4\u2010m walking test (m\/s), and HGS was assessed with a hydraulic hand dynamometer (kg\/BMI). Multivariable logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI), adjusting for potential confounders including age and gender.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>After controlling for confounding variables, participants in the high WS group had a 46% lower odds of hypertension compared with those in the low WS group (OR\u2009=\u20090.52, 95% CI\u2009=\u20090.29\u20130.94). Notably, among participants with low insulin resistance, higher WS was associated with a markedly reduced risk of hypertension (OR\u2009=\u20090.35, 95% CI\u2009=\u20090.14\u20130.85). Additionally, compared with the WS low\/HGS low group, those in the WS high\/HGS low and WS high\/HGS high groups demonstrated a 55% (OR\u2009=\u20090.45, 95% CI\u2009=\u20090.22\u20130.92) and 54% (OR\u2009=\u20090.46, 95% CI\u2009=\u20090.23\u20130.95) lower odds of hypertension, respectively, with differences observed according to insulin resistance status.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our findings indicate that WS is an effective predictor of hypertension risk in older adults, particularly among individuals with lower insulin resistance.<\/jats:p>\n                  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