{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T05:45:15Z","timestamp":1782711915781,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]],"date-time":"2025-12-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765497600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]],"date-time":"2025-12-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765497600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Geriatrics Gerontology Int"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Delirium is a serious complication in older patients requiring emergency hospitalization. The noise pareidolia test (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NPT<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ), originally developed to evaluate visual hallucinations, may serve as a novel screening tool for visual\u2010perceptual vulnerability associated with delirium risk. This study aimed to clarify whether the\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NPT<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      score is a clinically useful independent predictor of delirium in older adults requiring emergency hospitalization.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This secondary analysis used data from a prospective cohort study conducted at an acute\u2010care hospital in Japan. A\u00a0total of 57 older adults (\u2265\u200965\u2009years) who were urgently admitted and met the inclusion criteria were analyzed. The relationships between\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NPT<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      scores, Mini\u2010Mental State Examination (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMSE<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) scores, use of benzodiazepine receptor agonists (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BZD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ), and delirium onset were examined using multivariate logistic regression analysis. The predictive performance of the\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NPT<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ROC<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) curve analysis. Delirium was assessed using the delirium screening tool (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DST<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The median\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NPT<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      score was significantly higher in the\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DST<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      \u2010positive group than in the\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DST<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      \u2010negative group. Logistic regression analysis revealed that the\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NPT<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      score was the only independent predictor of delirium.\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ROC<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      analysis showed moderate discriminatory ability, with an optimal cutoff value of 2.5, sensitivity of 60.9%, and specificity of 67.6%.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NPT<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      score was significantly associated with delirium onset and was identified as an independent predictor among older patients requiring emergency hospitalization. The\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NPT<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      may serve as a simple, non\u2010invasive bedside screening tool for the early identification of high\u2010risk patients in clinical nursing practice.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ggi.70286","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,13]],"date-time":"2025-12-13T03:11:16Z","timestamp":1765595476000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Predicting Delirium Risk in Older Adults Requiring Emergency Hospitalization: Clinical Utility of the Noise Pareidolia Test"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-6189-9493","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yutaka","family":"Hashimoto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geriatric Nursing, Faculty of Nursing Toho University Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seira","family":"Takada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geriatric Nursing, Faculty of Nursing Toho University Tokyo Japan"},{"name":"Department of Health Care Sciences Institute of Science Tokyo Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3574-649X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Satoru","family":"Ebihara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine Sendai Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140\u20106736(13)60688\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2010.1013"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0154713"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/aws126"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2014.01.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ggi.14477"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002093\u2010200007000\u201000008"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","first-page":"91","article-title":"The Validity and Reliability of the Japanese Version of the Mini\u2010Mental State Examination (MMSE\u2010J) With the Original Procedure of the Attention and Calculation Task (2001)","volume":"20","author":"Sugishita M.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_1","first-page":"150","article-title":"Development of Delirium Screening Tool","volume":"15","author":"Machida I.","year":"2003","journal-title":"Japanese Journal of General Hospital Psychiatry"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afl005"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598\u2010024\u201055637\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2018.00268"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2009.24"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1532\u20105415.2002.50468.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_16_1","first-page":"12","article-title":"Impact of Nurse Staffing Levels on Patient Fall Rates: A Retrospective Cohort Study in Japan","volume":"14","author":"Nishida Y.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nursing Reports"}],"container-title":["Geriatrics &amp; Gerontology International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ggi.70286","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/ggi.70286","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ggi.70286","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T05:07:33Z","timestamp":1782709653000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/ggi.70286"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/ggi.70286"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ggi.70286","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1444-1586","1447-0594"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1444-1586","type":"print"},{"value":"1447-0594","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-06-27","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-12-01","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-12-12","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70286"}}