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However, their associations with the social frailty trajectory remain understudied in middle and later life.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study utilized data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (2011\u20132020). The social frailty trajectory was identified using group\u2010based trajectory modeling (GBTM), while latent class analysis (LCA) classified distinct ACE patterns. Logistic regression models examined the associations between ACEs and social frailty trajectory. Additionally, network analysis was conducted to identify central nodes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study comprised 10\u2009730 participants. Four patterns of social frailty trajectory were identified, namely persistently low then rising, persistently moderate then rising, initially moderate\u2010high then rapidly declining, and persistently high then rising. Greater exposure to total ACEs (RRR\u2009=\u20091.11 [95% CI: 1.04, 1.17]; RRR\u2009=\u20091.16 [95% CI: 1.07, 1.26]; RRR\u2009=\u20091.25 [95% CI: 1.17, 1.34]), threat\u2010related ACEs (RRR\u2009=\u20091.08 [95% CI: 1.001, 1.16]; RRR\u2009=\u20091.13 [95% CI: 1.02, 1.26]; RRR\u2009=\u20091.23 [95% CI: 1.12, 1.34]), deprivation\u2010related ACEs (RRR\u2009=\u20091.22 [95% CI: 1.09, 1.35]; RRR\u2009=\u20091.30 [95% CI: 1.11, 1.51]; RRR\u2009=\u20091.42 [95% CI: 1.25, 1.61]), and the LCA\u2010derived \u201chousehold mental illness\u201d cluster (RRR\u2009=\u20091.58 [95% CI: 1.18, 2.11]; RRR\u2009=\u20091.85 [95% CI: 1.26, 2.71]; RRR\u2009=\u20092.20 [95% CI: 1.59, 3.05]) was significantly associated with three disadvantaged patterns of social frailty trajectories compared to the persistently low then rising pattern. Network analysis revealed \u201chousehold violence,\u201d \u201cphysical abuse,\u201d \u201chousehold mental illness,\u201d and \u201cbullying\u201d as the most central nodes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings implicate public health policies that promote early\u2010life adversity screening, mental health interventions, and social resilience programs to maintain social functioning among middle\u2010aged and older adults.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ggi.70679","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T14:05:33Z","timestamp":1784729133000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Adverse Childhood Experiences and Social Frailty Trajectory Among Middle\u2010Aged and Older Adults: A Network Analysis From a Population\u2010Based Sample"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Xue","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing, Peking University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0103-6868","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Huaxin","family":"Si","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing, Peking University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanyan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing, Peking University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiaqi","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing, Peking University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wendie","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing, Peking University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hejing","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing, Peking University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8496-5621","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cuili","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing, Peking University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10433-017-0414-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2015.08.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archger.2023.105123"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14283\/jfa.2024.8"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2018.09.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/psyg.12696"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-024-18138-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106340"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.117860"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2014.10.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2014.09.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"K. 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