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Epitranscriptome, such as <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>6<\/jats:sup>\u2010methyladenosine (m<jats:sup>6<\/jats:sup>A) of mRNA, is an abundant post\u2010transcriptional mRNA modification and has been recently implicated to play roles in several cancers, whereas the significance of m<jats:sup>6<\/jats:sup>A modifications is virtually unknown in ESCC. Analysis of tissue microarray of the tumors in 177 ESCC patients showed that higher expression of m<jats:sup>6<\/jats:sup>A demethylase ALKBH5 correlated with poor prognosis and that ALKBH5 was an independent prognostic factor of the survival of patients. There was no correlation between the other demethylase FTO and prognosis. siRNA knockdown of ALKBH5 but not FTO significantly suppressed proliferation and migration of human ESCC cells. ALKBH5 knockdown delayed progression of cell cycle and accumulated the cells to G0\/G1 phase. Mechanistically, expression of CDKN1A (p21) was significantly up\u2010regulated in ALKBH5\u2010depleted cells, and m<jats:sup>6<\/jats:sup>A modification and stability of <jats:italic>CDKN1A<\/jats:italic> mRNA were increased by ALKBH5 knockdown. Furthermore, depletion of ALKBH5 substantially suppressed tumor growth of ESCC cells subcutaneously transplanted in BALB\/c nude mice. Collectively, we identify ALKBH5 as the first m<jats:sup>6<\/jats:sup>A demethylase that accelerates cell cycle progression and promotes cell proliferation of ESCC cells, which is associated with poor prognosis of ESCC patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/gtc.12792","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,25]],"date-time":"2020-05-25T11:46:02Z","timestamp":1590407162000},"page":"547-561","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["m<sup>6<\/sup>A demethylase ALKBH5 promotes proliferation of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma associated with poor prognosis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Yushi","family":"Nagaki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Metabolic Science Akita University Graduate School of Medicine Akita Japan"},{"name":"Department Surgery Akita University Graduate School of Medicine Akita 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