{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]],"date-time":"2026-03-16T12:18:37Z","timestamp":1773663517470,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,29]],"date-time":"2021-03-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1616976000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Genes to Cells"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>As the sentinels of innate and adaptive immune system, dendritic cells (DCs) have been considered to hold a great promise for medical application. Among the diverse types of DCs, monocyte\u2010derived DCs (mo\u2010DCs) generated <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> have been most commonly employed. We have been improving the culture protocol and devised a protocol to produce mature interferon\u2010\u03b1\u2010induced DCs (IFN\u2010DCs), hereinafter called (mat)IFN\u2010DCs. While exploring the relationship between the expression of CD56 and the cytotoxic activity of (mat)IFN\u2010DCs, we unexpectedly found that sorting of (mat)IFN\u2010DCs with CD56 antibody\u2010coated microbeads (MB) resulted in fractionating cells with tumoricidal activity into the flow\u2010through (FT) but not MB\u2010bound fraction. We uncovered that the FT fraction contains cells expressing low but substantial level of CD56. Moreover, those cells express granzyme B (GrB), perforin (PFN), and serpin B9 at high levels. By employing a specific inhibitor of PFN, we confirmed that direct tumoricidal activity relies on the GrB\/PFN pathway. We designated subpopulation in FT fraction as CD56<jats:sup>dim<\/jats:sup> and that in CD56 positively sorted fraction as CD56<jats:sup>bright<\/jats:sup>, respectively. This is the first time, to our knowledge, to identify subpopulations of CD56\u2010positive IFN\u2010DCs with distinct tumoricidal activity which is ascribed to high expression of the components of GrB\/PFN pathway.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/gtc.12844","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,4]],"date-time":"2021-03-04T17:51:20Z","timestamp":1614880280000},"page":"313-327","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Identification of CD56<sup>dim<\/sup> subpopulation marked with high expression of <i>GZMB\/PRF1\/PI\u20109<\/i> in CD56<sup>+<\/sup> interferon\u2010\u03b1\u2010induced dendritic cells"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Asuka","family":"Watanabe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Regenerative Medicine School of Medicine Kanazawa Medical University Kahoku\u2010gun 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