{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T03:53:50Z","timestamp":1788580430095,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,12]],"date-time":"2024-06-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1718150400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP22K07005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP22K07005"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Genes to Cells"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The potential involvement of the gut microbiota in metabolic dysfunction\u2010associated steatohepatitis (MASH) pathogenesis has garnered increasing attention. In this study, we elucidated the link between high\u2010fat\/cholesterol\/cholate\u2010based (iHFC)#2 diet\u2010induced MASH progression and gut microbiota in C57BL\/6 mice using antibiotic treatments. Treatment with vancomycin (VCM), which targets gram\u2010positive bacteria, exacerbated the progression of liver damage, steatosis, and fibrosis in iHFC#2\u2010fed C57BL\/6 mice. The expression levels of inflammation\u2010 and fibrosis\u2010related genes in the liver significantly increased after VCM treatment for 8\u2009weeks. F4\/80<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> macrophage abundance increased in the livers of VCM\u2010treated mice. These changes were rarely observed in the iHFC#2\u2010fed C57BL\/6 mice treated with metronidazole, which targets anaerobic bacteria. A16S rRNA sequence analysis revealed a significant decrease in \u03b1\u2010diversity in VCM\u2010treated mice compared with that in placebo\u2010treated mice, with Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes significantly decreased, while Proteobacteria and Verrucomicrobia increased markedly. Finally, VCM treatment dramatically altered the level and balance of bile acid (BA) composition in iHFC#2\u2010fed C57BL\/6 mice. Thus, the VCM\u2010mediated exacerbation of MASH progression depends on the interaction between the gut microbiota, BA metabolism, and inflammatory responses in the livers of iHFC#2\u2010fed C57BL\/6 mice.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/gtc.13134","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,12]],"date-time":"2024-06-12T09:24:16Z","timestamp":1718184256000},"page":"635-649","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Antibiotic effects on gut microbiota modulate diet\u2010induced metabolic dysfunction\u2010associated steatohepatitis development in C57BL\/6 mice"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Shun","family":"Takano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Toyama Prefectural University  Imizu 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