{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T14:06:04Z","timestamp":1789653964278,"version":"4.0.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782432000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782432000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007786","name":"National Center for Child Health and Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["29\u201011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["29\u201011"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007786","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007786","name":"National Center for Child Health and Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023B\u20101"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023B\u20101"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007786","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Genes to Cells"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    In mammalian sex differentiation,\n                    <jats:italic>Sox9<\/jats:italic>\n                    expression in undifferentiated gonads determines male development.\n                    <jats:italic>Sox9<\/jats:italic>\n                    is regulated by multiple enhancers, of which Enh13\/mXYSRa is the most critical. Disruption of the GATA4 binding site in Enh13\/mXYSRa causes XY sex reversal in the C57BL\/6J (B6J) strain, but not in the mixed genetic background of B6J\u2009\u00d7\u2009DBA\/2. To clarify the cause of these differences, mice with the same mutation were generated in DBA\/2. Homozygous mutants developed as XY males. We hypothesized that the phenotypic differences between strains were due to functional differences of another enhancer. Mice lacking TESCO and carrying a mutation in the GATA4 binding site were generated and analyzed. The mutants developed according to their chromosomal sex despite reduced\n                    <jats:italic>Sox9<\/jats:italic>\n                    expression. These findings imply that the DBA\/2 genetic background contains factors preventing\n                    <jats:italic>Sox9<\/jats:italic>\n                    expression from falling below the threshold required for male development. Bulk RNA\u2010seq analysis of fetal gonads during sex determination identified strain\u2010dependent differences in intermediate mesoderm development and protease inhibition pathways; the study also revealed that the expression of\n                    <jats:italic>Sox8<\/jats:italic>\n                    has a redundant role in Sertoli cell differentiation to that of\n                    <jats:italic>Sox9<\/jats:italic>\n                    in male embryonic gonads. These differences may contribute to the phenotypic variation observed between strains.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/gtc.70131","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]],"date-time":"2026-06-27T06:55:12Z","timestamp":1782543312000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Strain\u2010Dependent Functional Variation of a Sex Specific\n                    <scp>\n                      <i>Sox9<\/i>\n                    <\/scp>\n                    Enhancer"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Iku","family":"Tsuchiya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Systems Developmental Biology National Research Institute for Child Health and Development  Tokyo Japan"},{"name":"Department of NCCHD Child Health and Development, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Institute of Science Tokyo  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Atsumi","family":"Tsuji\u2010Hosokawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Systems Developmental Biology National Research Institute for Child Health and Development  Tokyo Japan"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics and Developmental Biology Institute of Science Tokyo  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suzune","family":"Furuhashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Systems Developmental Biology National Research Institute for Child Health and Development  Tokyo Japan"},{"name":"Department of NCCHD Child Health and Development, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Institute of Science Tokyo  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karin","family":"Sugiyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Systems Developmental Biology National Research Institute for Child Health and Development  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuya","family":"Ogawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Systems Developmental Biology National Research Institute for Child Health and Development  Tokyo Japan"},{"name":"Department of NCCHD Child Health and Development, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Institute of Science Tokyo  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aki","family":"Oishi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Systems Developmental Biology National Research Institute for Child Health and Development  Tokyo Japan"},{"name":"Department of NCCHD Child Health and Development, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Institute of Science Tokyo  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miho","family":"Terao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Systems Developmental Biology National Research Institute for Child Health and Development  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuji","family":"Takada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Systems Developmental Biology National Research Institute for Child Health and Development  Tokyo Japan"},{"name":"Department of NCCHD Child Health and Development, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Institute of Science Tokyo  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.105.045930"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/dbio.2000.9883"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddp283"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ydbio.2004.11.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1002569"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467\u2010018\u201007784\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng1096\u2010206"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0888\u20107543(02)00041\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1007895"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aas9408"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.ctdb.2016.11.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1006520"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jmedgenet\u20102014\u2010102864"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471\u20102199\u20109\u201044"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.125.8.1553"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ydbio.2008.01.042"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598\u2010018\u201035883\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddac184"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003\u2010025\u201007504\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkae178"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000519244"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature06944"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2201234119"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.129.19.4627"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/90046"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/158.4.1675"}],"container-title":["Genes 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