{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T00:51:07Z","timestamp":1787014267587,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,7]],"date-time":"2024-08-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722988800000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,7]],"date-time":"2024-08-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722988800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008982","name":"National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HRD\u20101852123"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HRD\u20101852123"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008982","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017972","name":"National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NA23NOS4690260\u2010T1\u201001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NA23NOS4690260\u2010T1\u201001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017972","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["ngwa.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Groundwater"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Miami\u2010Dade County (MDC) has over 112,000 septic systems, some of which are at risk of compromise due to water table rise associated with sea level rise. MDC is surrounded by protected water bodies, including Biscayne Bay, with environmentally sensitive ecosystems and is underlain by highly transmissive karstic limestone. The main objective of the study is to provide first estimates of the locations and magnitudes of septic return flows to discharge endpoints. This is accomplished by leveraging MDC's county\u2010scale surface\u2010groundwater model using pathline analysis to estimate the transport and discharge fate of septic system flows under the complex time history of groundwater flow response to pumping, canal management, storms, and other environmental factors. The model covers an area of 4772\u2009km\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    in Southeast Florida. Outputs from the model were used to create a 30\u2010year (2010 to 2040) simulation of the spatial\u2013temporal pathlines from septic input locations to their termination points, allowing us to map flow paths and the spatial distribution of the septic flow discharge endpoints under the simulated conditions. Most septic return flows were discharged to surface water, primarily canals 52,830\u2009m\n                    <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                    \/d and Biscayne Bay (5696\u2009m\n                    <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                    \/d), and well fields (14,066\u2009m\n                    <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                    \/d). Results allow us to identify \u201chotspots\u201d to guide water quality sampling efforts and to provide recommendations for septic\u2010to\u2010sewer conversion areas that should provide most benefit by reducing nutrient loading to water bodies.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/gwat.13435","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,8]],"date-time":"2024-08-08T02:55:41Z","timestamp":1723085741000},"page":"957-971","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Septic Return Flow Pathlines, Endpoints, and Flows Based on the Urban Miami\u2010Dade Groundwater Model"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"62","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7896-6337","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miguel E.","family":"Valencia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2142-6292","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael C.","family":"Sukop","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Earth and Environment and Institute of Environment Florida International University  11200 SW 8th Street Miami FL 33199"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Grace","family":"Oldfield","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Dayton  300 College Park Dayton OH 45469"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angela","family":"Montoya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Miami\u2010Dade Water and Sewer Department  3071 SW 38th Avenue Miami FL 33146"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Virginia","family":"Walsh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Miami\u2010Dade Water and Sewer Department  3071 SW 38th Avenue Miami FL 33146"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jayantha","family":"Obeysekera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sea Level Solution Center in Institute of Environment Florida International University  11200 SW 8th Street Miami FL 33199"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samantha","family":"Barquin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Miami Waterkeeper  P.O. Box 141596 Coral Gables FL 33114"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Kelly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Environmental Resource Division, Public Works Department Martin County Board of County Commissioners  2401 SE Monterey Road Stuart FL 34996 United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katherine","family":"Hagemann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"City of San Rafael  1400 Fifth Avenue San Rafael CA 94901"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aliza","family":"Karim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Miami Waterkeeper  P.O. Box 141596 Coral Gables FL 33114"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6076-2347","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oscar F.","family":"Guzman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Earth and Environment Florida International University  11200 SW 8th Street Miami FL 33199"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Barlow P.M.1997.Particle\u2010tracking analysis of contributing areas of public\u2010supply wells in simple and complex flow systems Cape Cod Massachusetts. 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South Florida Management District Resource Planning Department Water Resources Division."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cunningham K.J. M.C.Sukop H.Huang P.F.Alvarez H.A.Curran R.A.Renken andJ.F.Dixon.2009.Prominence of ichnologically influenced macroporosity in the karst Biscayne aquifer: Stratiform \u201csuper\u2010K\u201d zones.Geological Society of America Bulletinpreprint no. 2008: 1.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1130\/B26392.1.","DOI":"10.1130\/B26392.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cunningham K.J. M.A.Wacker E.Robinson J.F.Dixon andG.L.Wingard.2006.A Cyclostratigraphic and Borehole Geophysical Approach to Development of a Three\u2010Dimensional Conceptual Hydrogeologic Model of the Karstic Biscayne Aquifer Southeastern Florida. U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2005\u20105235 69 p. plus CD.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3133\/sir20055235.","DOI":"10.3133\/sir20055235"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fiore A.R. andS.J.Colarullo.2023.Simulation of regional groundwater flow and advective transport of per\u2010 and polyfluoroalkyl substances Joint Base McGuire\u2010Dix\u2010Lakehurst and vicinity New Jersey 2018. U.S. Geological Survey Open\u2010File Report 2022\u20131112 41 p. 2 pls.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3133\/ofr20221112.","DOI":"10.3133\/ofr20221112"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fish J.E. andM.Stewart.1991.Hydrogeology of the surficial aquifer system Dade County Florida. U.S. Geological Survey Water\u2010Resources Investigations Report 90\u20104108.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3133\/wri904108.","DOI":"10.3133\/wri904108"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","unstructured":"Hall P. andS.J.Clancy.2009.Statewide inventory of onsite sewage treatment and disposal systems in Florida. Final Report.https:\/\/www.floridahealth.gov\/environmental\u2010health\/onsite\u2010sewage\/research\/ResearchReports\/_documents\/0125\u2010florida\u2010inventory\u2010ostds.pdf. 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U.S. Geological Survey Water\u2010Resources Investigations Report 00\u20104251 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3133\/sir20125099.","DOI":"10.3133\/sir20125099"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lohmann M. E.Swain J.Wang andJ.F.Dixon.2012.Evaluation of effects of changes in canal management and precipitation patterns on salinity in Biscayne Bay Florida using an integrated surface\u2010water\/groundwater model. 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