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These unique characteristics create complex flow dynamics that impact residence time distributions within the FAS, which are important to constrain for implementing effective water resource strategies. The impacts of eogenetic karst characteristics on seasonal and longer term hydrological dynamics have been previously evaluated; however, stormflow remains understudied. Our study explores stormflow dynamics at a karst spring in the eogenetic FAS after major Hurricane Idalia made landfall in August 2023. We analyze data from in\u2010situ sensors that collect NO\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2010N, specific conductance, and discharge at 15\u2010min intervals to capture potentially small changes in chemistry that could be significant. We coupled the sensor data with grab sample collection of water isotopes and major element chemistry to provide additional details on the stormflow dynamics. Our results show at least two stormflow pulses as evidenced by changes in NO\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2010N and confirmed geochemically; albeit the absolute changes in NO\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2010N for both stormflow pulses were small (&lt;0.005\u2009mmol). One stormflow pulse was diluted with respect to NO\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2010N while the other mobilized NO\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2010N. The stormflow pulse that is associated with mobilized NO\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2010N was detected for at least 19\u2009days after the rain began from Idalia, indicating long residence times before evacuation from the cave system. Both of the detected stormflow pulses were superimposed on seasonal trends in NO\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2010N that are known to occur, whereby it appears storms could amplify NO\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2010N seasonal effects. Our results have implications for understanding complex residence times in eogenetic karst aquifers and highlight the influence of the carbonate bedrock matrix on stormflow through the FAS.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/gwat.13492","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,15]],"date-time":"2025-05-15T02:55:23Z","timestamp":1747277723000},"page":"522-537","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Geochemistry at a Karst Spring Reveals Complex Stormflow Dynamics in an Eogenetic Karst Aquifer"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"63","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6090-0962","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patricia","family":"Spellman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Pain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science  Cambridge MD 21613"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sunhye","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of South Florida School of Geosciences  Tampa FL 33620"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahnoor","family":"Kamal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of South Florida School of Geosciences  Tampa FL 33620"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","unstructured":"Almequem R. 2023.Understanding controls on spring hydrographs in an eogenetic karst aquifer in north\u2010central Florida. 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