{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T05:57:08Z","timestamp":1771480628158,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,15]],"date-time":"2018-02-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1518652800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Haemophilia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,3]]},"abstract":"Introduction<\/jats:title>Lenalidomide is a thalidomide analog with anti\u2010angiogenic properties. Previous case reports suggest its efficacy in preventing gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB<\/jats:styled-content>) secondary to angiodysplasia (AD<\/jats:styled-content>) in hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia and potentially in reversing AD<\/jats:styled-content>. We present the first case series to explore lenalidomide as a treatment for AD<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010related GIB<\/jats:styled-content> in patients with von Willebrand disease (VWD<\/jats:styled-content>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>A retrospective chart review was conducted to include patients with VWD<\/jats:styled-content>, who were evaluated from 2010 to 2013 and who had received lenalidomide to treat recurrent GIB<\/jats:styled-content> secondary to AD<\/jats:styled-content>. All patients had failed single\u2010agent use of antifibrinolytic agents. Patients were observed for at least 2\u00a0years on therapy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>Five patients (3 males; 68.2\u00a0\u00b1\u00a04.9\u00a0years) with VWD<\/jats:styled-content> (3 with type 3 and 1 each with types 1 and 2a) and AD<\/jats:styled-content> were found. Sites of AD<\/jats:styled-content> included the stomach, duodenum, jejunum and colon. Lenalidomide was started at 5\u00a0mg oral daily. Uptitration to 10 and 15\u00a0mg in 1 patient each was necessary due to recurrence of GIB<\/jats:styled-content>. The mean number of endoscopies performed for control of GIB<\/jats:styled-content> post lenalidomide was significantly lower compared to pretherapy (0.25 vs 5.50; P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.001). Mean bleed\u2010free duration on lenalidomide was 12.6\u00a0\u00b1\u00a04.7\u00a0months. Three patients have reported no GIB<\/jats:styled-content> on lenalidomide.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusion<\/jats:title>This case series demonstrates significantly reduced number of endoscopies and increased bleed\u2010free duration with lenalidomide treatment in selected patients with VWD<\/jats:styled-content> and recurrent GIB<\/jats:styled-content> from AD<\/jats:styled-content>. Prospective multicenter trials are needed to further define the role of lenalidomide in the management of GIB<\/jats:styled-content> from angiodysplasia and VWD<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/hae.13419","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,15]],"date-time":"2018-02-15T11:16:38Z","timestamp":1518693398000},"page":"278-282","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Lenalidomide as a novel therapy for gastrointestinal angiodysplasia in von Willebrand disease"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"N. V.","family":"Khatri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Georgetown University Washington DC USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1924-0592","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"B.","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medstar Washington Hospital Center Washington DC USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D. R.","family":"Kohli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medstar Washington Hospital Center Washington DC USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S. S.","family":"Solomon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Howard University Hospital Washington DC USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Bull\u2010Henry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Georgetown University Washington DC USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C. 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