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Here, we evaluated the anti\u2010inflammatory effects of monotherapy with linagliptin\u2014a dipeptidase\u20104 inhibitor\u2014in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HD<\/jats:styled-content> patients with type 2 diabetes. We examined 21 diabetic <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HD<\/jats:styled-content> patients who were not receiving oral diabetes drugs or insulin therapy and with poor glycemic control (glycated albumin [<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GA<\/jats:styled-content>] level, &gt;20%). Linagliptin (5\u2009mg) was administered to the patients daily. The levels of prostaglandin <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">E2<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PGE2<\/jats:styled-content>), interleukin\u20106 (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20106), high\u2010sensitivity <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010reactive protein, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GA<\/jats:styled-content>, blood glucose, and active glucagon\u2010like peptide\u20101 were determined before and 6\u2009months after treatment. Body weight and serum levels of albumin, hemoglobin, total cholesterol, and low\u2010density lipoprotein cholesterol were also recorded before and after treatment. The levels of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PGE2<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GA<\/jats:styled-content> were significantly decreased 1 month after starting linagliptin therapy, whereas the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20106 levels were significantly decreased 6 months after starting linagliptin therapy. After 6 months of treatment, the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PGE2<\/jats:styled-content> levels decreased from 188\u2009\u00b1\u200950\u2009ng\/mL to 26\u2009\u00b1\u20095\u2009ng\/mL; <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20106 levels, from 1.5\u2009\u00b1\u20090.4\u2009pg\/mL to 0.6\u2009\u00b1\u20090.1\u2009pg\/mL; and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GA<\/jats:styled-content> levels, from 21.3%\u2009\u00b1\u20090.6% to 18.0%\u2009\u00b1\u20090.6%. Glucagon\u2010like peptide\u20101 levels increased 2.5\u2010fold during the treatment. Over the 6\u2010month treatment period, body weight and levels of high\u2010sensitivity <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010reactive protein, blood glucose, albumin, hemoglobin, and cholesterol did not change; none of the patients exhibited hypoglycemia. The anti\u2010inflammatory effects of linagliptin monotherapy indicate that it may serve as a useful glucose control strategy for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HD<\/jats:styled-content> patients with diabetes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/hdi.12127","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,10]],"date-time":"2014-01-10T09:51:49Z","timestamp":1389347509000},"page":"433-442","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Anti\u2010inflammatory effects of linagliptin in hemodialysis patients with diabetes"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Yuya","family":"Nakamura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Saiyu Soka Hospital  Soka Japan"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacology School of Medicine, Showa University  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mayumi","family":"Tsuji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology School of Medicine, Showa University  Tokyo 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