{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T01:12:23Z","timestamp":1747185143361,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,24]],"date-time":"2021-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1624492800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Hemodialysis International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Considering that patients on dialysis showed a poor outcome during COVID\u201019 pandemic, and that COVID\u201019 symptoms in dialysis patients are often mild or absent, each dialysis unit should implement local strategies to early recognize patients affected by COVID\u201019. However, many available SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 diagnostic tests demonstrated a moderate sensitivity, 70%\u201380% is probably a reasonable estimate. Consequently, having useful tools for differential diagnosis becomes essential. In this scenario, lung ultrasound (LUS) may have an important role in the evaluation of lung involvement in hemodialysis patients during COVID\u201019 pandemic.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We present two cases of hemodialysis patients with COVID\u201019 pneumonia in whom LUS had a central role in the diagnostic process. Ultrasound images of COVID\u201019 pneumonia show a typical bilateral pattern characterized by multiple or confluent B\u2010lines with spared areas, thickened and irregular pleural line, and rare subpleural consolidations. LUS showed high accuracy in diagnosing COVID\u201019 pneumonia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p>Despite both patients appeared clinically euvolemic and afebrile, they presented with acute diarrhea and oxygen saturation level of 92%\u201393%. Although clinical manifestations were mild and not specific in both patients, LUS raised suspicion on the possible COVID\u201019 diagnosis which was confirmed by a positive nasopharyngeal RT\u2010PCR.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>There are many reasons for a patient on dialysis to present shortness of breath, fever, and multiple B\u2010lines at LUS assessment (such as heart failure, fluid overload, vascular access infection, interstitial pneumonia) but the recognition of typical ultrasound patterns of the COVID\u201019 pneumonia is helpful for differential diagnosis. LUS may have an important role in the screening process of hemodialysis patients during the COVID\u201019 pandemic, especially in oligosymptomatic patients before the SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 diagnostic tests, and in those with suspected symptoms and\/or known exposure with unexpected negative SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 diagnostic tests.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/hdi.12958","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,24]],"date-time":"2021-06-24T07:29:13Z","timestamp":1624519753000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Lung ultrasound may help in the differential diagnosis of suspected oligosymptomatic COVID\u201019 patients on hemodialysis: A case report"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9949-3543","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Allinovi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit Careggi University Hospital  Florence Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Selene","family":"Laudicina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit Careggi University Hospital  Florence Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Dallari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit Careggi University Hospital  Florence Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Iacopo","family":"Gianassi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit Careggi University Hospital  Florence Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Egrina","family":"Dervishi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit Careggi University Hospital  Florence 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Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/hdi.12837"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40620-020-00737-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2020060827"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp2015897"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2020.10.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfaa182"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2020.07.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13089-020-00171-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10157-020-01903-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13089-020-00177-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-016-3431-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1159\/000512535","article-title":"Clinical features of asymptomatic SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 infection in hemodialysis patients","volume":"46","author":"Pizarro\u2010S\u00e1nchez MS","year":"2021","journal-title":"Kidney Blood Press Res"}],"container-title":["Hemodialysis 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