{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T18:20:11Z","timestamp":1792002011732,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,9]],"date-time":"2023-10-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696809600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Hemodialysis International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Adherence to renal dietary restrictions is an important method for minimizing complications in dialysis patients. This study aimed to investigate the effect of teach\u2010back versus pictorial image educational methods on knowledge of renal dietary restrictions among elderly hemodialysis patients in Iran. Selected markers of diet and kidney function were also measured.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sixty\u2010nine elderly hemodialysis patients with a low level of health literacy were randomly divided into three groups: pictorial image education, teach\u2010back education, and usual care (controls). The intervention groups received diet education comprising four 20\u201330\u2009min sessions. Subsequently, nutrition knowledge was assessed in each of the three groups by questionnaire before and 2 months after the intervention. Blood laboratory indices were obtained from the patients' medical records and compared before and 2 months after the educational intervention.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p>There were significant differences in the mean nutritional knowledge scores between the two intervention groups and the controls (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Nutrition knowledge scores were higher after educational sessions incorporating images compared to those using a teach\u2010back strategy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Nutrition educational strategies utilizing either pictorial images or teach\u2010back techniques increased knowledge relating to renal nutrition.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/hdi.13114","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,10]],"date-time":"2023-10-10T00:51:01Z","timestamp":1696899061000},"page":"92-97","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["The effect of teach\u2010back versus pictorial image educational methods on knowledge of renal dietary restrictions in elderly hemodialysis patients with low baseline health literacy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Mohammad Sadegh","family":"Mozafari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Zeynab (P.B.U.H) School of Nursing and Midwifery Guilan University of Medical Sciences  Rasht Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fereshteh","family":"Besharati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, Zeynab (P.B.U.H) School of Nursing and Midwifery Guilan University of Medical Sciences  Rasht Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Parand","family":"Pourghane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, Zeynab (P.B.U.H) School of Nursing and Midwifery Guilan University of Medical Sciences  Rasht Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bahareh","family":"Gholami\u2010Chaboki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center Guilan University of Medical Sciences  Rasht Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s41100-019-0237-4"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","first-page":"87","article-title":"Comparison of two educational methods (family\u2010centered and patient\u2010centered) on hemodialysis: related complications","volume":"20","author":"Zolfaghari M","year":"2015","journal-title":"Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","first-page":"276","article-title":"Effects of appropriate nutrition training in small groups on laboratory parameters in hemodialysis patients from Iran","volume":"12","author":"Aghakhani N","year":"2017","journal-title":"Maedica"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","first-page":"48","article-title":"Investigating the effect of different educational methods in preventing disease in elderly people: review of interventional studies in Iran","volume":"7","author":"Papi S","year":"2018","journal-title":"Dis Diagn"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrtlng.2013.11.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4040\/jkan.2011.41.6.795"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","first-page":"45","article-title":"The effects of education methods on body weight and some of serum indices in hemodialysis patients referred to Qom Kamkar Hospital in 2007","volume":"1","author":"Abbasi M","year":"2007","journal-title":"Qom Univ Med Sci J"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/psyg.12276"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","first-page":"589","article-title":"Health literacy for Iranian adults (HELIA): development and psychometric properties","volume":"13","author":"Montazeri A","year":"2014","journal-title":"Payesh"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5812\/jjhr.21878"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-018-1989-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcd.2012.11.001"}],"container-title":["Hemodialysis International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/hdi.13114","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,22]],"date-time":"2024-01-22T07:22:56Z","timestamp":1705908176000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/hdi.13114"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,9]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/hdi.13114"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/hdi.13114","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1492-7535","1542-4758"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1492-7535","type":"print"},{"value":"1542-4758","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-04-17","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication 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