{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T07:46:18Z","timestamp":1776239178220,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,16]],"date-time":"2025-07-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752624000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,16]],"date-time":"2025-07-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752624000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Hemodialysis International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Dialysis patients, often immunocompromised, are highly susceptible to infectious diseases, including oral candidiasis, the most common mycotic infection of the oral mucosa.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To identify risk factors for oral candidiasis in dialysis patients to improve management strategies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A cross\u2010sectional study was conducted in Birjand, Iran, involving 158 dialysis patients. Oral samples were cultured on CHROMagar\n                      <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic>\n                      medium, with\n                      <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic>\n                      species identified using colony color and molecular techniques. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to determine predictors of oral candidiasis.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of the 158 patients, 69 (43.7%) tested positive for oral candidiasis, yielding 97\n                      <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic>\n                      isolates.\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                        <jats:italic>Candida albicans<\/jats:italic>\n                      <\/jats:styled-content>\n                      was the most prevalent species (55.7%), followed by\n                      <jats:italic>Candida glabrata<\/jats:italic>\n                      (22.7%). Significant predictors of oral candidiasis included longer dialysis duration (OR\u2009=\u20097.48; 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.31\u20132.05;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), male gender (OR\u2009=\u20093.07; 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.12\u20138.39;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.02), and smoking (OR\u2009=\u20097.48; 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.98\u201328.31;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.003).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Oral candidiasis is a prevalent opportunistic infection in dialysis patients, particularly among men, smokers, and those with extended dialysis duration. Enhanced screening, especially in developing countries, may be useful to address this often\u2010overlooked condition.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/hdi.70007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,17]],"date-time":"2025-07-17T05:04:15Z","timestamp":1752728655000},"page":"130-137","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Exploring Oral Candidiasis in Hemodialysis Patients:\n                    <i>Candida<\/i>\n                    Species and Associated Risk Factors"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Maryam","family":"Erfaninejad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Basic Medical Sciences Shoushtar Faculty of Medical Sciences  Shoushtar Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abdol Sattar","family":"Pagheh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Research Center 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