{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T01:53:56Z","timestamp":1791251636481,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,22]],"date-time":"2026-05-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779408000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,22]],"date-time":"2026-05-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779408000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Hemodialysis International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate the effects of precannulation ice massage on pain, ecchymosis, hematoma, and patient satisfaction during arteriovenous (AV) fistula cannulation in patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This nonrandomized, sequential crossover study included 40 hemodialysis patients. Each participant underwent routine cannulation (control condition) followed by precannulation ice massage (intervention condition) in subsequent sessions. Pain and satisfaction were assessed using a 10\u2010point Visual Analog Scale. Ecchymosis and hematoma were measured using transparent grid film with computerized area calculation. Data were analyzed using repeated\u2010measures analysis of variance and Cohen's\n                      <jats:italic>d<\/jats:italic>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Ice massage significantly reduced pain during cannulation (Visual Analog Scale: 2.90\u2009\u00b1\u20091.08 vs. 6.12\u2009\u00b1\u20091.34;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001,\n                      <jats:italic>d<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20092.64), 72\u2010h ecchymosis (2.02\u2009\u00b1\u20090.80\u2009mm\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      vs. 4.95\u2009\u00b1\u20091.41\u2009mm\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      ;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001,\n                      <jats:italic>d<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20092.55), and 72\u2010h hematoma (1.57\u2009\u00b1\u20091.05\u2009cm vs. 2.85\u2009\u00b1\u20090.83\u2009cm;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001,\n                      <jats:italic>d<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20091.35). Patient satisfaction was significantly higher in the intervention condition (8.12\u2009\u00b1\u20090.72 vs. 5.02\u2009\u00b1\u20091.07;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001,\n                      <jats:italic>d<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20093.39).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Precannulation ice massage is an effective, noninvasive intervention to reduce cannulation pain, minimize local complications, and enhance patient satisfaction. This simple and cost\u2010effective method should be integrated into evidence\u2010based hemodialysis care protocols.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:bold>Trial Registration:<\/jats:bold>\n                      <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/\">ClinicalTrials.gov<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      identifier: NCT06332118 (prospectively registered).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/hdi.70089","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,23]],"date-time":"2026-05-23T02:15:42Z","timestamp":1779502542000},"page":"721-729","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effects of Ice Massage on Pain, Ecchymosis, Hematoma, and Patient Satisfaction When Applied Prior to Hemodialysis Arteriovenous Fistula Cannulation: A Crossover Trial"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1752-5298","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ercan","family":"Bak\u0131r","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences Adiyaman University  Adiyaman Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7512-0873","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u015eeyda","family":"Karasu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences Erzurum Technical University  Erzurum Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6577-4619","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ulviye Aydan","family":"Nacak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences Erzurum Technical University  Erzurum Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5798-853X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elanur","family":"Y\u0131lmaz Karabulutlu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences Atat\u00fcrk University  Erzurum Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0061-9490","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"G\u00fclcan Bah\u00e7ecio\u011flu","family":"Turan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences F\u0131rat University  Elaz\u0131\u011f Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2016040412"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijnss.2019.09.005"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","first-page":"10","article-title":"Determining the Effect of Cannulation Techniques Used During Arteriovenous Fistula Cannulation on Pain Level","volume":"10","author":"Akyol A. 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