{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T06:44:44Z","timestamp":1789022684149,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,6]],"date-time":"2013-03-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1362528000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Headache"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To assess the potential for particular colors to alleviate visual discomfort when people with migraine view repetitive geometric or striped patterns.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Visual stimuli, such as flicker, glare, or stripes, can trigger migraine and headache. They can also elicit feelings of discomfort and aversion. There are reports that color can be used to decrease the experience of discomfort and reduce migraine frequency.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design\/Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Five sets of striped patterns (3, 12 cycles per degree [cpd]) were created using cardinal colors tailored to selectively stimulate the early visual pathways: achromatic (black\/white), tritan (black\/purple, black\/yellow), protan\/deutan (black\/red, black\/green). All had the same high luminance contrast (0.9\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">M<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ichelson contrast). Twenty\u2010eight migraine (14 migraine with aura, 14 migraine without aura) and 14 control participants rated the discomfort and described the distortions seen in these patterns. They were also assessed for visual migraine\/headache triggers, contrast sensitivity, color vision, acuity, stereopsis, visual discomfort from reading, and dyslexia.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In the migraine groups, a comparable number of illusions were seen with the 3 and 12 cpd achromatic gratings, whereas in the control group the greatest number was seen with the 3 cpd grating. In the migraine groups only, all 4 colors reduced, to some extent, the number of illusions and 2 decreased the discomfort, particularly for the 12 cpd gratings. There were significant group differences for contrast sensitivity, reported visual migraine\/headache triggers, and the visual discomfort scale. There were a few significant correlations between the different measures, notably between the achromatic visual discomfort measures and reports of visual migraine triggers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Color, independent of luminance or particular color contrasts, can have therapeutic effects for people with visually triggered migraine as it can reduce the number of perceived illusions when viewing stripes or text. The effect was not color\u2010specific and was greatest for the 12 cpd gratings. Given the significant associations between the achromatic discomfort measures and reports of visual triggers, and the lack of significant associations between the chromatic discomfort measures and reports of visual triggers, further research is recommended to explore the potential to reduce the number of visually triggered migraines with color in addition to alleviating visual discomfort.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/head.12062","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,6]],"date-time":"2013-03-06T21:15:13Z","timestamp":1362604513000},"page":"1087-1103","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Color and Spatial Frequency Are Related to Visual Pattern Sensitivity in Migraine"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Alex J.","family":"Shepherd","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychological Sciences Birkbeck University of London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Trevor J.","family":"Hine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Psychology Griffith University  Brisbane Qld Australia"},{"name":"Biological Basis of Health Griffith Health Institute Griffith University  Brisbane Qld Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heidi M.","family":"Beaumont","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Psychology Griffith University  Brisbane Qld Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2005.31405.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","first-page":"30","volume-title":"Progress in Migraine Research 2","author":"Debney LM","year":"1984"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/107.4.989"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1468-2982.2000.00119.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4610.2006.00585.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2150\/jlve.34.94"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/135062899394885"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-2982.2007.01303.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2009.05.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","unstructured":"KhalilNM.Investigations of visual function in migraine using visual evoked potentials and visual psychophysical tests. University of London PhD thesis 1991."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/acprof:oso\/9780198521747.001.0001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","volume-title":"Reading Through Colour","author":"Wilkins AJ","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1468-2982.2002.00362.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1475-1313.2002.00017.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/JOSA.69.001183"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6989(82)90077-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1984.sp015499"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/JOSAA.10.000038"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0954-898X_7_4_002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00957.1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102411409076"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.06-0393"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.57.10.1208"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102412445222"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","first-page":"24","article-title":"The International Classification of Headache Disorders: 2nd edition","volume":"24","author":"Headache Classification Subcommittee of the International Headache Society","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cephalalgia"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1163\/156856897X00357"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1163\/156856897X00366"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1068\/p260455"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0042-6989(98)00232-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.06-0640"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","first-page":"21","article-title":"A revised adult dyslexia checklist","volume":"48","author":"Vinegrad M","year":"1994","journal-title":"Educare"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","first-page":"201","article-title":"Aggregated norms for the Cambridge low contrast gratings, including details concerning their design and use","volume":"2","author":"Wilkins AJ","year":"1988","journal-title":"Clin Vis Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6989(70)90123-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(14)77380-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.86.12.1408"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-2982.2004.00831.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0042-6989(98)00099-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","first-page":"145","volume-title":"Migraine Disorders Research Trends","author":"Shepherd AJ","year":"2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-1313.2008.00578.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7967(00)00032-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-7967(85)90006-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","series-title":"Vision and Vision Optics","volume-title":"The Optical Society of America Handbook of Optics","author":"Stockman A","year":"2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","first-page":"175","volume-title":"Beyond the Lab: Applications of Cognitive Research in Memory and Learning","author":"Hine TJ","year":"2011"}],"container-title":["Headache: The Journal of Head and Face Pain"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fhead.12062","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/headachejournal.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/head.12062","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]],"date-time":"2025-11-02T08:46:53Z","timestamp":1762073213000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/headachejournal.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/head.12062"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,6]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/head.12062"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/head.12062","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0017-8748","1526-4610"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0017-8748","type":"print"},{"value":"1526-4610","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,6]]}}}