{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,18]],"date-time":"2026-04-18T02:24:15Z","timestamp":1776479055072,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,29]],"date-time":"2013-10-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1383004800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Headache"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,3]]},"abstract":"\n Objective<\/jats:title>\n \n To describe patient self\u2010report of headache treatment in the first year following mild traumatic brain injury (\n TBI<\/jats:styled-content>\n ).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n \n An understanding of appropriate management of symptoms after mild\n TBI<\/jats:styled-content>\n is crucial for improving acute care and long\u2010term outcomes. This is particularly true for post\u2010traumatic headaches as recent studies suggest that headaches after mild\n TBI<\/jats:styled-content>\n are common with multiple phenotypes. In addition, symptoms such as headache after mild\n TBI<\/jats:styled-content>\n are often managed by primary care providers without specialty training, and often in medically underserved areas. Outside of previous opinion papers, few studies have guided the treatment or examined the effectiveness of the interventions for post\u2010traumatic headache.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n One hundred sixty\u2010seven participants admitted to a level 1 trauma hospital with mild\n TBI<\/jats:styled-content>\n who were prospectively enrolled and reported new or worse headache at 3, 6, or 12 months after injury.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n Participants were primarily male (75%), white (75%), injured in vehicle crashes (62%), and had completed high school (83%). The majority of headaches met International Classification of Headache Disorders \u2013 2nd edition criteria for migraine\/probable migraine, followed by tension\u2010type headache. Despite the diverse nature of headaches, more than 70% of those with headache at each time period used acetaminophen or a nonsteroidal anti\u2010inflammatory drug for headache control. Only 8% of those with the migraine\/probable migraine phenotype used triptans. Of those individuals who used medication, 26% of those with migraine\/probable migraine phenotype and 70% of those with tension headache phenotype endorsed complete relief (vs partial or no relief) because of medication use. The majority of individuals with tension headache reported never taking medication.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n \n Headaches after mild\n TBI<\/jats:styled-content>\n are frequent and are not optimally treated. Results suggest that many individuals with mild\n TBI<\/jats:styled-content>\n may be self\u2010treating their headaches by utilizing over\u2010the\u2010counter pain relief medications. These medications, however, are only providing effective treatment for a minority of this population. Further research must be conducted to develop evidence\u2010guided treatment and educate providers.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/head.12254","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,29]],"date-time":"2013-10-29T18:35:00Z","timestamp":1383071700000},"page":"511-519","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Medication Usage Patterns for Headache Treatment After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Craig","family":"DiTommaso","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeanne M.","family":"Hoffman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sylvia","family":"Lucas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurology University of Washington Seattle WA USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery University of Washington Seattle WA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sureyya","family":"Dikmen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery University of Washington Seattle WA USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nancy","family":"Temkin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery University of Washington Seattle WA USA"},{"name":"Department of Biostatistics University of Washington Seattle WA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kathleen R.","family":"Bell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15620\/cdc.5571"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1355617710000196"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001199-199309000-00007"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","first-page":"9","article-title":"The international classification of headache disorders: 2nd edition","volume":"24","author":"Headache Classification Subcommittee of the International 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