{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]],"date-time":"2026-02-16T16:01:05Z","timestamp":1771257665657,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,25]],"date-time":"2015-02-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1424822400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Headache"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,3]]},"abstract":"\n Objective<\/jats:title>\n To assess the efficacy of melatonin as a preventive therapy for hemicrania continua in a larger population of patients than has previously been studied.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n Hemicrania continua is defined by its sensitivity to indomethacin. Rarely can patients be fully tapered off indomethacin without headache recurrence; thus, the risks associated with chronic indomethacin usage are substantial for these individuals. Melatonin, a pineal hormone with a similar chemical structure to indomethacin, has shown efficacy as a preventive agent for hemicrania continua in isolated case reports. Melatonin would be a preferential alternative prophylactic treatment to indomethacin because of its minimal side effect profile. How truly effective melatonin is as a preventive for hemicrania continua is unknown at present and needs further study.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n Retrospective analysis of all\n I<\/jats:styled-content>\n nternational\n C<\/jats:styled-content>\n lassification of\n H<\/jats:styled-content>\n eadache\n D<\/jats:styled-content>\n isorders\u20103 beta diagnosed hemicrania continua patients treated with both indomethacin and melatonin at the\n G<\/jats:styled-content>\n eisinger\n H<\/jats:styled-content>\n eadache\n C<\/jats:styled-content>\n enter from\n J<\/jats:styled-content>\n uly 2011 to\n J<\/jats:styled-content>\n anuary 2014.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n Eleven patients were treated (9 women, 2 men). Two patients became pain free on melatonin, while partial relief was noted in 3 other patients; thus, they were able to lower their dose of indomethacin but could not achieve pain freedom with melatonin alone. Six patients had no response. Melatonin dosing needed for response ranged from 3 to 30\u2009mg. In the partial relief responders, indomethacin dosing decreased by 50% to 75%.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n From this single clinic investigation, only a small percent of subjects with hemicrania continua (less than 20%) will achieve pain freedom on melatonin, thus clearly not matching the effectiveness of indomethacin. However, the addition of melatonin to indomethacin may allow around 45% of patients to have complete or partial relief of their headache with the subsequent ability to reduce or eliminate their indomethacin dosage, which may lead to a decrease in medical morbidity over time secondary to less exposure to indomethacin.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/head.12489","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,25]],"date-time":"2015-02-25T02:16:47Z","timestamp":1424830607000},"page":"430-436","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["How Effective Is Melatonin as a Preventive Treatment for Hemicrania Continua? A Clinic\u2010Based Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"Todd D.","family":"Rozen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Geisinger Health System Department of Neurology Geisinger Headache Clinic Wilkes\u2010Barre PA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1468-2982.2001.00287.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10194-006-0303-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1526-4610.2001.041006592.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4610.2006.00514_1.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4610.2006.00386_5.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/head.12270"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awq137"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0034-7094(12)70116-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1526-4610.2002.02131.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102413485658"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4610.2009.01407.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10194-010-0194-3"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Treatment of hemicrania continua in patients intolerant to indomethacin","volume":"54","author":"Musonza T","year":"2014","journal-title":"Headache"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10194-009-0097-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4097\/kjae.2012.63.3.245"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-079X.2009.00663.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.20763"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4610.2004.04141.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(98)02470-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1531-8249(199911)46:5<791::AID-ANA18>3.0.CO;2-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4610.2007.00732.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-2982.2008.01832.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102412452043"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jpi.12134"}],"container-title":["Headache: The Journal of Head and Face Pain"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fhead.12489","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/headachejournal.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/head.12489","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]],"date-time":"2025-11-02T13:41:53Z","timestamp":1762090913000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/headachejournal.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/head.12489"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,25]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/head.12489"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/head.12489","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0017-8748","1526-4610"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0017-8748","type":"print"},{"value":"1526-4610","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,25]]}}}