{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T16:24:18Z","timestamp":1790267058536,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,22]],"date-time":"2015-04-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1429660800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Headache"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,5]]},"abstract":"\n Background<\/jats:title>\n Recurrent headache sufferers are often fearful of pain, which disrupts thought processes, interferes with daily activities, and may maintain headache\u2010related disability through avoidance and associated negative reinforcement.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objective<\/jats:title>\n \n The aim of this cross\u2010sectional study was to (1) examine differences in fear of pain (\n FOP<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) between headache sufferers and non\u2010headache controls; (2) examine differences in\n FOP<\/jats:styled-content>\n across primary headache diagnostic groups; (3) assess the extent to which\n FOP<\/jats:styled-content>\n predicts headache variables (eg., severity, frequency, disability); and (4) determine whether\n FOP<\/jats:styled-content>\n mediates the relationship between pain severity and headache\u2010related disability.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n The sample consisted of 908 young adults (\n M<\/jats:styled-content>\n age\u2009=\u200919.5 years; 64.9% female). Of those, 237 (26.1%) met the diagnostic criteria for episodic tension\u2010type headache (\n TTH<\/jats:styled-content>\n ), 232 (25.6%) for episodic migraine (167 [18.4%] without aura and 65 [7.2%] with aura), 38 (4.2%) for chronic migraine, and 19 (2.1%) for chronic\n TTH<\/jats:styled-content>\n ; 382 (42.1%) served as non\u2010headache controls.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n FOP<\/jats:styled-content>\n differed among groups, with headache sufferers reporting greater\n FOP<\/jats:styled-content>\n than those without headache; migraineurs typically endorsed greater\n FOP<\/jats:styled-content>\n than those with\n TTH<\/jats:styled-content>\n . Among those with headache,\n FOP<\/jats:styled-content>\n significantly predicted headache severity (\n R<\/jats:styled-content>\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n \u2009=\u20096.1%) and frequency (\n R<\/jats:styled-content>\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n \u2009=\u20094.5%), and accounted for more variance in disability (\n R<\/jats:styled-content>\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n \u2009=\u200917.5%) than gender, anxiety, and depression combined (13.8%). Pain severity and disability were strongly associated (\n r<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.61,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u2009.001), and\n FOP<\/jats:styled-content>\n partially mediated this association (indirect effect point estimate\u2009=\u20090.38; 95% confidence interval: 0.23\u20100.57).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n \n FOP<\/jats:styled-content>\n differentiates migraineurs from those without headache and plays a significant role in primary headache, particularly in headache\u2010related disability. Findings build upon and extend those from previous chronic pain studies and highlight the need for longitudinal and experimental studies to further explore this construct in headache.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/head.12561","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,22]],"date-time":"2015-04-22T03:54:48Z","timestamp":1429674888000},"page":"669-679","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["The Role of Fear of Pain in Headache"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"Anna Katherine","family":"Black","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of Mississippi Oxford MS USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joshua C.","family":"Fulwiler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of Mississippi Oxford MS 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