{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T19:18:18Z","timestamp":1780341498424,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,18]],"date-time":"2017-08-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1503014400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Headache"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aim of this study was to describe clinical features unique to supratrochlear neuralgia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The supratrochlear nerve supplies the medial aspect of the forehead. Due to the intricate relationship between supraorbital and supratrochlear nerves, neuralgic pain in this region has been traditionally attributed to supraorbital neuralgia. No cases of supratrochlear neuralgia have been reported so far.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>From 2009 through 2016, we prospectively recruited patients with pain confined to the territory of the supratrochlear nerve.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Fifteen patients (13 women, 2 men; mean age 51.4 years, standard deviation 14.9) presented with pain in the lower paramedian forehead, extending to the eyebrow in two patients and to the internal angle of the orbit in another. Pain was unilateral in 11 patients (six on the right, five on the left), and bilateral in four. Six patients had continuous pain and nine described intermittent pain. Palpation of the supratrochlear nerve at the medial third of the supraorbital rim resulted in hypersensitivity in all cases. All but one patient exhibited sensory disturbances within the painful area. Fourteen patients underwent anesthetic blockades of the supratrochlear nerve, with immediate relief in all cases and long\u2010term remission in three. Six of them had received unsuccessful anesthetic blocks of the supraorbital nerve. Five patients were treated successfully with oral drugs and one patient was treated with radiofrequency.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Supratrochlear neuralgia is an uncommon disorder causing pain in the medial region of the forehead. It may be differentiated from supraorbital neuralgia and other similar headaches and neuralgias based on the topography of the pain and the response to anesthetic blockade.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/head.13158","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,18]],"date-time":"2017-08-18T05:22:41Z","timestamp":1503033761000},"page":"1433-1442","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Supratrochlear Neuralgia: A Prospective Case Series of 15 Patients"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"57","author":[{"given":"Juan A.","family":"Pareja","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Hospital Universitario Fundaci\u00f3n Alcorc\u00f3n Alcorc\u00f3n Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pedro","family":"L\u00f3pez\u2010Ruiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Hospital Universitario Quironsalud Madrid Pozuelo de Alarc\u00f3n Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diego","family":"Mayo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Headache Unit, Department of Neurology Hospital Cl\u00ednico San Carlos Madrid Spain"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, School of Medicine Universidad Complutense de Madrid Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roc\u00edo\u2010Nur","family":"Villar\u2010Quiles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Headache Unit, Department of Neurology Hospital Cl\u00ednico San Carlos Madrid Spain"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, School of Medicine Universidad Complutense de Madrid Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alba","family":"C\u00e1rcamo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Hospital Universitario Fundaci\u00f3n Alcorc\u00f3n Alcorc\u00f3n Madrid Spain"},{"name":"Pain Clinic, Department of Anesthesiology Hospital Universitario Fundaci\u00f3n Alcorc\u00f3n Alcorc\u00f3n Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00c1lvaro","family":"Guti\u00e9rrez\u2010Viedma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Headache Unit, Department of Neurology Hospital Cl\u00ednico San Carlos Madrid Spain"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, School of Medicine Universidad Complutense de Madrid Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlo P.","family":"Lastarria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Headache Unit, Department of Neurology Hospital Cl\u00ednico San Carlos Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda","family":"Romeral","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Headache Unit, Department of Neurology Hospital Cl\u00ednico San Carlos Madrid Spain"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, School of Medicine Universidad Complutense de Madrid Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julio","family":"Yang\u00fcela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Hospital Universitario Fundaci\u00f3n Alcorc\u00f3n Alcorc\u00f3n Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda\u2010Luz","family":"Cuadrado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Headache Unit, Department of Neurology Hospital Cl\u00ednico San Carlos Madrid Spain"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, School of Medicine Universidad Complutense de Madrid Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1526-4610.1999.3903204.x","article-title":"Supraorbital neuralgia: The clinical manifestations and a possible therapeutic approach","volume":"39","author":"Sjaastad O","year":"1999","journal-title":"Headache."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1468-2982.2001.00190.x","article-title":"Supraorbital neuralgia: A clinical study","volume":"21","author":"Caminero AB","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cephalalgia."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-2982.2004.00856.x","article-title":"Supraorbital neuralgia: V\u00e5g\u00e5 study of headache epidemiology","volume":"25","author":"Sjaastad O","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cephalalgia."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1007\/s11916-006-0036-9","article-title":"Supraorbital neuralgia","volume":"10","author":"Pareja JA","year":"2006","journal-title":"Curr Pain Headache Rep."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1150","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102412459575","article-title":"Non\u2010traumatic supraorbital neuralgia: A clinical study of 13 cases","volume":"32","author":"Mulero P","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cephalalgia."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"802","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.58.5.802","article-title":"Trochleitis and migraine headache","volume":"58","author":"Yang\u00fcela J","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neurology."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1134","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000118841.97273.5D","article-title":"Primary trochlear headache: A new cephalgia generated and modulated on the trochlear region","volume":"62","author":"Yang\u00fcela J","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neurology."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1007\/s11916-006-0039-6","article-title":"Primary trochlear headache and other trochlear painful disorders","volume":"10","author":"Pareja JA","year":"2006","journal-title":"Curr Pain Headache Rep."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.12312","article-title":"Clinical features and long\u2010term prognosis of trochlear headaches","volume":"21","author":"Smith JH","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur J Neurol."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","first-page":"316","article-title":"Consensus recommendations for anaesthetic peripheral nerve block","volume":"32","author":"Santos\u2010Lasaosa S","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurologia."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1016\/0007-1226(91)90148-D","article-title":"Innervation and functional reconstruction of the forehead","volume":"44","author":"Fatah MF.","year":"1991","journal-title":"Br J Plast Surg."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1007\/s00276-001-0097-8","article-title":"The frontotemporal nerves of the head. Topographic variations of the supraorbital, supratrochlear, and auriculotemporal nerves: Possible clinical significance","volume":"23","author":"Andersen NB","year":"2001","journal-title":"Surg Radiol Anat."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2629","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins7072629","article-title":"Topographic relationship between the supratrochlear nerve and corrugator supercilii muscle \u2013 Can this anatomical knowledge improve the response to botulinum toxin injections in chronic migraine?","volume":"7","author":"Lee HJ","year":"2015","journal-title":"Toxins."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198301273080422","article-title":"Goggle migraine","volume":"308","author":"Pestronk A","year":"1983","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1007\/s11916-010-0122-x","article-title":"Headaches due to external compression","volume":"14","author":"Krymchantowski AV.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Curr Pain Headache Rep."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1202","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102415578429","article-title":"Infratrochlear neuralgia","volume":"35","author":"Pareja JA","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cephalalgia."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102417690493"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1526-4610.1997.3706346.x","article-title":"Trigeminal neuralgia. Clinical manifestations of first division involvement","volume":"37","author":"Sjaastad O","year":"1997","journal-title":"Headache."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-2982.2004.00864.x","article-title":"Duration of attacks of first division trigeminal neuralgia","volume":"25","author":"Pareja JA","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cephalalgia."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"730","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102415611405","article-title":"Trigeminal neuralgia (part I): Revisiting the clinical phenotype","volume":"36","author":"Haviv Y","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cephalalgia."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000002840","article-title":"Trigeminal neuralgia: New classification and diagnostic grading for practice and research","volume":"87","author":"Cruccu G","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurology."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1286","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4610.2010.01659.x","article-title":"Idiopathic ophthalmodynia and idiopathic rhinalgia: Two topographic facial pain syndromes","volume":"50","author":"Pareja JA","year":"2010","journal-title":"Headache."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1430","DOI":"10.1111\/head.12609","article-title":"Idiopathic ophthalmodynia and idiopathic rhinalgia: A prospective series of 16 new cases","volume":"55","author":"Pareja JA","year":"2015","journal-title":"Headache."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1198","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102413488000","article-title":"Lacrimal neuralgia: So far, a missing cranial neuralgia","volume":"33","author":"Pareja JA","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cephalalgia."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1030","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102414526794","article-title":"A new lacrimal neuralgia, a new nerve blockade procedure","volume":"34","author":"Cuadrado ML","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cephalalgia."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1111\/head.12467","article-title":"Symptomatic lacrimal neuralgia after ophthalmic surgery","volume":"55","author":"Cuadrado ML","year":"2015","journal-title":"Headache."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1111\/head.12985","article-title":"Lacrimal nerve blocks for three new cases of lacrimal neuralgia","volume":"57","author":"Cuadrado ML","year":"2017","journal-title":"Headache."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nrl.2017.02.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_1","first-page":"381","article-title":"Infraorbital neuralgia: A diagnostic possibility in patients with zygomatic arch pain","volume":"29","author":"L\u00f3pez\u2010Mesonero L","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurologia."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1111\/head.12777","article-title":"Infraorbital neuralgia attributed to a foreign body","volume":"56","author":"Min HJ","year":"2016","journal-title":"Headache."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinane.2016.12.007","article-title":"Management of isolated infraorbital neuralgia by ultrasound\u2010guided infraorbital nerve block with combination of steroid and local anesthetic","volume":"37","author":"Cok OY","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Clin Anesth."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1007\/s11910-014-0459-3","article-title":"The neuralgias: Diagnosis and management","volume":"14","author":"Gadient PM","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep."}],"container-title":["Headache: The Journal of Head and Face Pain"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fhead.13158","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/headachejournal.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/head.13158","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]],"date-time":"2025-11-02T13:04:52Z","timestamp":1762088692000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/headachejournal.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/head.13158"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,18]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/head.13158"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/head.13158","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0017-8748","1526-4610"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0017-8748","type":"print"},{"value":"1526-4610","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,18]]}}}